摘要 喷煤过程煤粉的爆炸性是冶金行业十分重视的问题。探究了影响煤粉爆炸性的主要因素，并提出了抑制煤粉爆炸的措施。研究表明，烟煤与无烟煤的合理混煤可有效抑制粉体的爆炸性，随着无烟煤比例的增加，煤粉的爆炸性逐渐减弱，合理混煤比例既保证了安全喷吹又实现了喷煤成本最低的目标。粉体物性对其爆炸性同样具有较大的影响。当挥发分质量分数由24.63%增至30.65%时，煤粉的爆炸性显著增强；而随着煤粉粒度小于0.074 mm 比例由100%降至50%，煤粉的爆炸性呈减弱的趋势。另外，气氛中氧气的体积分数增大，煤粉爆炸性显著增强，空气中不具有爆炸性的粉体，在高氧气体积分数的气氛下表现出极强的爆炸性；添加MgCO3·5H2O可有效抑制煤粉的爆炸，添加剂配比增至6.0%时，爆炸性指数最高降幅可达61.67%，因此，MgCO3·5H2O有良好的抑爆效果，必要时可适当添加抑制煤粉爆炸。
Abstract：The explosibility of pulverized coal injection （PCI） is a main concern for metallurgical industry enterprises. The main factors which affect the explosibility of pulverized coal in PCI process were studied. Additionally，the effective measures for suppressing explosive of PCI were proposed. It has been found that the reasonable blended proportion of bituminous coal and anthracite can be utilized to adjust the explosibility of the coals. With the increasing of the proportion of anthracite，the explosibility of PCI decreases gradually. Therefore，the proper proportion of blended coals between the bituminous coal and anthracite should be determined based on ensuring safe injection and achieving the low-cost of PCI. Physical properties of pulverized coal also play an important role in explosibility. As the volatile matter mass percent increases from 24.63% to 30.65%，the explosibility index（L） of pulverized coal raises nearly three times. Similarly，with the proportion of 0.074 mm for pulverized coal granularity decreases from 100% to 50%，the explosibility also appears decreasingly. Moreover，the explosibility is found to be significantly going up with the increasing of oxygen concentration in atmospher. For instance，a kind of blended coal which has no explosibility in the air shows strong explosibility in the high oxygen concentration atmosphere. Moreover，by adding MgCO3·5H2O in blended coals，the explosibility can be effectively suppressed，the L drops by 61.67% as the portion of additive is 6.0%，which means that MgCO3·5H2O has an advantageous action for suppressed explosibility.
收稿日期: 2018-07-03
出版日期: 2018-12-24
引用本文:
高强健，何耘丰，刘 曌，杨富才. 喷吹用煤粉爆炸特性及抑爆措施[J]. , 2018, 53(12): 24-29.
GAO Qiang-jian，HE Yun-feng，LIU Zhao，YANG Fu-cai. Fundamental of explosibility of pulverized coal injection and suppressed measures. Iron and Steel, 2018, 53(12): 24-29.
2018, Vol. 53 
