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| Formation and control of spinel inclusions in high-speed heavy rail steel |
| CHU Yan-ping1, CHEN Zhi-yong2, LIU Nan2, ZHANG Li-feng1 |
1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Steelmaking Plant, Inner Mongolia Baotou Steel Union Co., Ltd., Baotou 014010, Nei Mongol, China |
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Abstract Large particles of pure MgO-Al2O3 inclusions are often found in high-speed heavy rail steel, which affects the quality of products seriously. To clarify the source of spinel inclusions in high-speed heavy rail steel for better inclusion controlling, the formation mechanism of spinel inclusions in high-speed heavy rail steel is systematically studied through tensile fracture analysis, combined with nozzle clogging analysis, thermodynamic calculations and typical inclusion analysis. The results show that the spinel inclusions in the steel can be classified into two types: single spinel inclusions and spinel inclusions wrapped by calcium aluminate. The spinel inclusions wrapped by calcium aluminate is caused by the self-precipitation of CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO composite inclusions during the cooling process, and the precipitation temperature is related to the content of Al2O3 and MgO in inclusions; smaller single spinel inclusions in the steel are precipitated during the solidification and cooling process, which depends on the chemical composition of the steel. In addition, the study also shows that nozzle nodulation is one of the important reasons for the occurrence of larger spinel inclusions in heavy rail steel. Therefore, strictly controlling the content of impurity elements such as Mg and Als in alloys and raw materials, preventing secondary oxidation, and reducing the corrosion of refractories and the content of Al2O3, MgO in inclusions as much as possible are very important for controlling spinel inclusions and improving products quality.
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Received: 18 March 2019
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2020, Vol. 55 
