炼钢技术的发展历程和未来展望(Ⅱ)——炼钢的未来展望

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20220345

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Abstract Firstly, the development of the hot metal pretreatment, BOF steelmaking, steel secondary refining and continuous casting motivated by the science and technology progress was summarized and exampled. The conventional KR hot metal pretreatment process was improved by injecting the desulfurization flux powders through a lance with carrying gas so that powder particles penetrated the hot metal deeper and the coagulation of particles less occurred and the desulfurization efficiency was improved. During the production of the stainless steel through BOF process, a second lance was used to low Cr-ore powders with carrying burning gas and oxygen gas, through which the oxidation of the Cr was lowered and the required temperature was reached as well. The progress of the steel secondary refining was fully supported by technologies of argon blowing, vacuum techniques and electromagnetic techniques. The defect-free continuous casting semis was achieved with the support of electromagnetic stirring, mechanical reduction and digital technology. Secondly, the future of steelmaking was forecasted, including the limit of the steel cleanliness, future steelmaking technologies and continuous steelmaking process. Currently, the control level of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur and hydrogen in the steel was as low as 0.006 0% while techniques for the removal of zinc, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth and arsenic from the steel need to develop. With the development of information and automatic technologies, the intelligent BOF steelmaking without splashing and unmanned situation can be achieved in the future. The big data technology, software technology and the cyber physical system have been tentatively employed in advanced steel plants. In Europe, the reduction of mineral iron ores by pure hydrogen has been tried in pilot scale. With development of the scientific and technology progress, the continuous steelmaking will become reality within future 50 years. At last, the future fundamental studies on steelmaking were briefly predicted. The multiscale, multiphase and multicomponent physical phenomena of steelmaking will be focused through first-principles calculations, the steel grade design based on the material gene calculation, the thermodynamics and kinetics of physical and chemical reactions coupling fluid flow, heat transfer and solidification of the steel.

Key words： steelmaking technological progress hot metal pretreatment BOF steelmaking secondary refining continuous casting intelligent BOF steelmaking continuous steelmaking fundamental study on steelmaking

Received: 16 May 2022

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	ZHANG Li-feng

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ZHANG Li-feng. Development history and future prospects of steelmaking (Ⅱ)—Future prospects[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(1): 1-12.

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http://www.chinamet.cn/Jweb_gt/EN/10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20220345 OR http://www.chinamet.cn/Jweb_gt/EN/Y2023/V58/I1/1

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