|
|
|
| Effect of bottom blowing CO2 on dynamic conditions of molten pool in stainless steel smelting |
| ZHOU Yun1,2, WEI Guang-sheng1,2, ZHU Rong1,2, DONG Kai1,2 |
1. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Research Center of Special Melting and Preparation of High-end Metal Materials, Beijing 100083, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract In recent years,the resource utilization technology of CO2 in the iron and steel industry has been widely developed. The research showed that the application of CO2 in stainless steel smelting has great potential. The effect of bottom blowing CO2 on the dynamic conditions of molten pool under the condition of stainless steel smelting was quantitatively studied by establishing the dynamic model of bottom blowing CO2 bubble reaction and combined with hydraulic simulation experiment. Since it is not clear that the increase of gas volume caused by CO2 decarburization will cause bubble expansion or splitting, two extreme conditions is assumed,namely,condition a. CO2 bubble only expands without splitting after the increase of gas volume;condition b. CO2 only splits without expanding;taking the medium-term process parameters of 70 t stainless steel furnace in a plant,the CO2 bubble reaction kinetics under the two conditions was calculated. The results showed that under the conditions of this study,the gas increase after the bottom blowing CO2 reaction during stainless steel smelting,whether it leads to bubble expansion or splitting,the final bubble volume at the reaction equilibrium was about 1.3 times of the initial volume,and the bubble volume changes linearly with the reaction time. The hydraulic simulation study found that compared with the control group experiment,the mixing time of the molten pool under condition a and condition b was shortened by 16.5 s and 8.4 s respectively. Therefore,it was concluded that the actual bottom blowing CO2 would shorten the mixing time of the molten pool by 8.4-16.5 s after the reaction,and significantly improve the dynamic conditions of the molten pool. In addition,the effect of bottom blowing CO2 on the flow field of molten pool was observed by ink tracer. It was found that the bubble expansion caused by the reaction of bottom blowing CO2 would promote the lateral diffusion of solute in molten pool and relatively inhibit the longitudinal diffusion speed of solute. On the contrary,the bubble splitting caused by CO2 reaction would promote the longitudinal diffusion of solute in the molten pool and relatively inhibit the transverse diffusion rate of solute.
|
|
Received: 08 June 2022
|
|
|
|
[1] 朱荣,毕秀荣,吕明. CO2在炼钢工艺的应用及发展[J]. 钢铁,2012,47(3):1.(ZHU Rong,BI Xiu-rong,LÜ Ming. Application and development of carbon dioxide in steelmaking process[J]. Iron and Steel,2012,47(3):1.)
[2] 二氧化碳绿色洁净炼钢技术及应用[J]. 中国冶金,2022,32(1):123.(Carbon dioxide green and clean steelmaking technology and its application[J]. China Metallurgy,2022,32(1):123.)
[3] LÜ M,ZHU R,WEI X,et al. Research on top and bottom mixed blowing CO2 in converter steelmaking process[J]. Steel Research International,2012, 83(1): 11.
[4] FENG C,ZHU R,LIU R,et al. Industrial application of bottom-blown CO2 in basic oxygen furnace steelmaking process[J]. Steel Research International,2021,92(10):2000704.
[5] Gudenau H W,Senk D,Kweon O S,等. 阿亨大学钢铁冶金研究所有关CO2问题和废料再循环领域的研究工作[J]. 钢铁,2003,38(s1):64.(Gudenau H W,Senk D,Kweon O S,et al. Research work in the field of CO2 and waste recycling by the Institute of iron and steel metallurgy of Ahern University[J]. Iron and Steel,2003,38(s1):64.)
[6] WEI G,ZHU R,DONG K,et al. Influence of bottom-blowing gas species on the nitrogen content in molten steel during the EAF steelmaking process[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2018,45(9): 839.
[7] YANG Z,YANG L,CHENG T,et al. Fluid flow characteristic of EAF molten steel with different bottom-blowing gas flow rate distributions[J]. ISIJ International,2020,60(9):1957.
[8] WEI G,ZHU R,YANG S,et al. Simulation and application of submerged CO2-O2 injection in EAF steelmaking: Combined blowing equipment arrangement and industrial application[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2021,48(6): 703.
[9] 毕秀荣,朱荣,刘润藻,等. CO2-O2混合喷吹工艺冶炼不锈钢的基础研究[J]. 炼钢,2012,28(2):67.(BI Xiu-rong,ZHU Rong,LIU Run-zao,et al. Basic research on smelting stainless steel by CO2-O2 mixed injection process[J]. Steelmaking,2012,28(2):67.)
[10] 李想,张桂芳,杨印东,等. 使用CO2-Ar混合气体悬浮精炼不锈钢[J]. 钢铁,2017,52(2):28.(LI Xiang,ZHANG Gui-fang,YANG Yin-dong,et al. Suspension refining of stainless steel with CO2-Ar mixture[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(2):28.)
[11] ZHOU Y,WEI G,ZHU R. Theoretical analysis and experimental study of the application of CO2 in the smelting of 410S stainless steel[J]. Journal of CO2 Utilization,2022,60:102016.
[12] 谷云岭,朱荣,吕明,等. LF精炼炉底吹CO2气体的工业探索性研究[J]. 钢铁,2013,48(8):6.(GU Yun-ling, ZHU Rong, LÜ Ming, et al. Exploratory research on bottom blowing CO2 during the LF refining process[J]. Iron and Steel,2013,48(8):6.)
[13] 魏光升,韩宝臣,朱荣. CO2作为RH提升气的冶金反应行为研究[J]. 北京科技大学学报,2020,42(2):203.(WEI Guang-sheng,HAN Bao-chen,ZHU Rong. Metallurgical reaction behavior of CO2 as RH lifting gas[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing,2020,42(2):203.)
[14] ZHOU Y,ZHU R,WEI G. Application of submerged gas-powder injection technology to steelmaking and ladle refining processes[J]. Powder Technology,2021,389: 21.
[15] ZHOU Y,ZHU R,DONG K. Experimental study on decarburization and chromium retention in stainless steel smelting with CO2 as alternative to N2[J/OL]. Steel Research Int,2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/srin.202200200
[16] Wang H,Teng L,Seetharaman S. Investigation of the oxidation kinetics of Fe-Cr and Fe-Cr-C melts under controlled oxygen partial pressures[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B,2012,43(6): 1476.
[17] Wang H,Viswanathan N N,Ballal N B,et al. Modeling of reactions between gas bubble and molten metal bath—Experimental validation in the case of decarburization of Fe-Cr-C melts[J]. High Temperature Materials and Processes,2009,28(6): 407.
[18] Wagner C. Theorie der alterung von niederschlägen durch umlösen(Ostwald-reifung)[J]. Zeitschrift für Elektrochemie,Berichte der Bunsengesellschaft für Physikalische Chemie,1961,65(7/8): 581.
[19] 郭汉杰. 冶金物理化学教程[M]. 北京:冶金工业出版社,2004.(GUO Han-jie. Course of Metallurgical Physical Chemistry[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2004.)
[20] Gaddis E S,Vogelpohl A. Bubble formation in quiescent liquids under constant flow conditions[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,1986,41(1): 97. |
| [1] |
LIU Bin1,2，WANG Minglin1，ZHANG Hui1，LIU Shuai1，YANG Bao1，CHU Shaoyang1. Euler-Lagrange two-way method numerical simulation on gas-liquid two-phase flow of continuous casting slab chamfered mould with argon blowing[J]. JOURNAL OF IRON AND STEEL RESEARCH , 2023, 35(2): 155-165. |
| [2] |
ZHANG Guo-xin, LIU Guang-qiang, LIU Kun, HAN Peng. Numerical simulation of internal flow field characteristics of full-scale high-pressure descaling nozzle[J]. CONTINUOUS CASTING, 2023, 42(2): 1-9. |
| [3] |
LIU Dong-xu, GONG Wei, ZHU Jiang-jiang, CAO Rui-hong, FAN Ding-dong, DENG Ai-jun. Numerical simulation and optimization of flow field in tundish by flow control device[J]. CONTINUOUS CASTING, 2023, 42(2): 10-18. |
| [4] |
LU Hai-biao, ZHANG Hui-qi, ZHONG Yun-bo, REN Wei-li, LEI Zuo-sheng. Simulation of flow field in a slab continuous casting with in-mold electromagnetic stirring[J]. CONTINUOUS CASTING, 2023, 42(1): 1-9. |
| [5] |
ZUO Xiao-tan, ZHAO Li, ZHANG Ya-bing, ZHANG Xu-bin, WANG Qiang-qiang. Effect of gas curtain in tundish on flow field and inclusions removal[J]. CONTINUOUS CASTING, 2023, 42(1): 24-30. |
| [6] |
CHENG Ri-jin, QI Zhan, ZHANG Hua, LIU Cheng-song, NI Hong-wei. Optimization of refining slag of 20SiMn alloy structural steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(1): 100-107. |
|
|
|
|
2023, Vol. 58 
