1 Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2 Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels, Baosteel Research Institute, Shanghai 201900, China
Tensile behavior and deformation mechanism of quenching and partitioning treated steels at different deforming temperatures
1 Institute of Advanced Steels and Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 2 Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Ship and Deep-Sea Exploration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China 3 State Key Laboratory of Development and Application Technology of Automotive Steels, Baosteel Research Institute, Shanghai 201900, China
ժҪ The effects of deforming temperatures on the tensile behaviors of quenching and partitioning treated steels were investigated. It was found that the ultimate tensile strength of the steel decreased with the increasing temperature from 25 to 100��C, reached the maximum value at 300��C, and then declined by a significant extent when the temperature further reached 400��C. The total elongations at 100, 200 and 300��C are at about the same level. The steel achieved optimal mechanical properties at 300��C due to the proper transformation behavior of retained austenite since the stability of retained austenite is largely dependent on the deforming temperature. When tested at 100 and 200��C, the retained austenite was reluctant to transform, while at the other temperatures, about 10 vol.% of retained austenite transformed during the tensile tests. The relationship between the stability of retained austenite and the work hardening behavior of quenching and partitioning treated steels at different deforming temperatures was also studied and discussed in detail. In order to obtain excellent mechanical properties, the stability of retained austenite should be carefully controlled so that the effect of transformation-induced plasticity could take place continuously during plastic deformation.
Abstract��The effects of deforming temperatures on the tensile behaviors of quenching and partitioning treated steels were investigated. It was found that the ultimate tensile strength of the steel decreased with the increasing temperature from 25 to 100��C, reached the maximum value at 300��C, and then declined by a significant extent when the temperature further reached 400��C. The total elongations at 100, 200 and 300��C are at about the same level. The steel achieved optimal mechanical properties at 300��C due to the proper transformation behavior of retained austenite since the stability of retained austenite is largely dependent on the deforming temperature. When tested at 100 and 200��C, the retained austenite was reluctant to transform, while at the other temperatures, about 10 vol.% of retained austenite transformed during the tensile tests. The relationship between the stability of retained austenite and the work hardening behavior of quenching and partitioning treated steels at different deforming temperatures was also studied and discussed in detail. In order to obtain excellent mechanical properties, the stability of retained austenite should be carefully controlled so that the effect of transformation-induced plasticity could take place continuously during plastic deformation.
Lian-bo Luo,,Wei Li,,Yu Gong,,*,Li Wang,Xue-jun Jin,,**. Tensile behavior and deformation mechanism of quenching and partitioning treated steels at different deforming temperatures[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2017, 24(11): 1104-1108.
Lian-bo Luo,,Wei Li,,Yu Gong,,*,Li Wang,Xue-jun Jin,,**. Tensile behavior and deformation mechanism of quenching and partitioning treated steels at different deforming temperatures. , 2017, 24(11): 1104-1108.
Y. Sakuma, D.K. Matlock, G. Krauss, Intercritically annealed and isothermally transformed 0.15 pct C steels containing 1.2 pct Si-1.5 pct Mn and 4 pct Ni: Part I. Transformation, microstructure, and room-temperature mechanical properties, Metallurgical Transactions A 23(4) (1992) 1221-1232.
[2]
O. Bouaziz, H. Zurob, M. Huang, Driving force and logic of development of advanced high strength steels for automotive applications, steel research international 84(10) (2013) 937-947.
[3]
G. Ghosh, G. Olson, Kinetics of FCC�� BCC heterogeneous martensitic nucleation��I. The critical driving force for athermal nucleation, Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 42(10) (1994) 3361-3370.
[4]
J. Speer, D.K. Matlock, B.C. De Cooman, J.G. Schroth, Carbon partitioning into austenite after martensite transformation, Acta Materialia 51(9) (2003) 2611-2622.
[5]
D.K. Matlock, V.E. Br?utigam, J.G. Speer, Application of the quenching and partitioning (Q&P) process to a medium-carbon, high-Si microalloyed bar steel, Materials Science Forum, Trans Tech Publ, 2003, pp. 1089-1094.
[6]
D.K. Matlock, J.G. Speer, Third Generation of AHSS: Microstructure Design Concepts, 2009.
[7]
E.M. Bellhouse, J.R. McDermid, Effect of Continuous Galvanizing Heat Treatments on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of High Al-Low Si Transformation Induced Plasticity Steels, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 41(6) (2010) 1460-1473.
[8]
C. Syn, B. Fultz, J. Morris, Mechanical stability of retained austenite in tempered 9Ni steel, Metallurgical Transactions A 9(11) (1978) 1635-1640.
[9]
I. Timokhina, P. Hodgson, E. Pereloma, Effect of microstructure on the stability of retained austenite in transformation-induced-plasticity steels, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 35(8) (2004) 2331-2341.
[10]
P. Brofman, G. Ansell, On the effect of fine grain size on the M s temperature in Fe-27Ni-0.025 C alloys, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 14(9) (1983) 1929-1931.
[11]
S. Lee, S.-J. Lee, B.C. De Cooman, Austenite stability of ultrafine-grained transformation-induced plasticity steel with Mn partitioning, Scripta materialia 65(3) (2011) 225-228.
[12]
T. Chiba, G. Miyamoto, T. Furuhara, Variant selection of lenticular martensite by ausforming, Scripta Materialia 67(4) (2012) 324-327.
[13]
S. Nambu, M. Michiuchi, Y. Ishimoto, K. Asakura, J. Inoue, T. Koseki, Transition in deformation behavior of martensitic steel during large deformation under uniaxial tensile loading, Scripta Materialia 60(4) (2009) 221-224.
[14]
Y. Mine, K. Hirashita, H. Takashima, M. Matsuda, K. Takashima, Micro-tension behaviour of lath martensite structures of carbon steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A 560 (2013) 535-544.
[15]
F. Carre?o, J. Chao, M. Pozuelo, O.A. Ruano, Microstructure and fracture properties of an ultrahigh carbon steel�Cmild steel laminated composite, Scripta materialia 48(8) (2003) 1135-1140.
[16]
J. Min, L.G. Hector, L. Zhang, J. Lin, J.E. Carsley, L. Sun, Elevated-temperature mechanical stability and transformation behavior of retained austenite in a quenching and partitioning steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A 673 (2016) 423-429.
[17]
M. Umemoto, K. Tsuchiya, Z.G. Liu, S. Sugimoto, Tensile stress-strain analysis of single-structure steels, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 31(7) (2000) 1785-1794.
[18]
L. Zhao, N. Van Dijk, E. Br��ck, J. Sietsma, S. Van der Zwaag, Magnetic and X-ray diffraction measurements for the determination of retained austenite in TRIP steels, Materials Science and Engineering: A 313(1) (2001) 145-152.
[19]
H.-W. Yen, S.W. Ooi, M. Eizadjou, A. Breen, C.-Y. Huang, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, S.P. Ringer, Role of stress-assisted martensite in the design of strong ultrafine-grained duplex steels, Acta Materialia 82 (2015) 100-114.
[20]
S. Zhang, K. Findley, Quantitative assessment of the effects of microstructure on the stability of retained austenite in TRIP steels, Acta Materialia 61(6) (2013) 1895-1903.
[21]
H.S. Zhao, W. Li, X. Zhu, X.H. Lu, L. Wang, S. Zhou, X.J. Jin, Analysis of the relationship between retained austenite locations and the deformation behavior of quenching and partitioning treated steels, Materials Science and Engineering: A 649 (2016) 18-26.
[22]
D. Das, P.P. Chattopadhyay, Influence of martensite morphology on the work-hardening behavior of high strength ferrite�Cmartensite dual-phase steel, Journal of Materials Science 44(11) (2009) 2957-2965.
[23]
A. Bag, K.K. Ray, E.S. Dwarakadasa, Influence of martensite content and morphology on tensile and impact properties of high-martensite dual-phase steels, Metallurgical & Materials Transactions A 30(5) (1999) 1193-1202.
[24]
T.S. Byun, I.S. Kim, Tensile properties and inhomogeneous deformation of ferrite-martensite dual-phase steels, Journal of Materials Science 28(11) (1993) 2923-2932.
[25]
L.F. Ramos, D.K. Matlock, G. Krauss, On the deformation behavior of dual-phase steels, Metallurgical Transactions A 10(2) (1979) 259-261.
[26]
N. Van Dijk, A. Butt, L. Zhao, J. Sietsma, S. Offerman, J. Wright, S. Van Der Zwaag, Thermal stability of retained austenite in TRIP steels studied by synchrotron X-ray diffraction during cooling, Acta Materialia 53(20) (2005) 5439-5447.