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| Heat Transfer in Steelmaking Ladle |
Andr�� Zimmer,�jlvaro Niedersberg Correia Lima,Rafael Mello Trommer,
Saulo Roca Bragan��a,Carlos P��rez Bergmann |
| Materials Ceramics Lab, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90035��190, Brazil |
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Abstract The heat transfer in a steelmaking ladle was studied. The evaluation of heat transfer of the steel was performed by measuring steel temperature in points including all refining steel process. In the ladle, the temperatures in the refractories and the shell were also measured. To evaluate the thermal profile between the hot and cold faces of the ladle in the slag line position, an experiment which shows the importance of thermal contact resistance was carried out. Higher heat losses in the tapping and the vacuum were verified. The temperature measurements of the ladle indicate distinct thermal profiles in each stage of steel refining. Moreover, as each stage of the process depends on the previous one, the complexity of the ladle thermal control is incremental. So a complete model of heat losses in the ladle is complex.
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Received: 01 January 1900
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2008, Vol. 15 
