2007年, 第14卷, 第1期　刊出日期：2007-01-15

  

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Metallurgy and Metal Working
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  Comprehensive Utilization of Complex Titania Ore

  YUAN Zhangfu;PAN Yifang;ZHOU E;XU Cong;LI Shuqing

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 1-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  To fully utilize Panzhihua titanium resources, a new process was proposed. In the process, Panzhihua ilmenite concentrate was first reduced in a rotary hearth furnace (RHF) to produce a titaniumrich material and iron. The titaniumrich material was then used in a new chlorination process to produce TiCl4. The comparison of different groups of experimental results or calculation results showed that the utilization ratio of material was improved by using the titaniumrich material after pretreatment other than low level titanic ilmenite directly and the combined fluidized beds (FTF) were more likely to reduce bed height and reaction time than the single fluidized beds (Single F or Single T) under the condition of the same chlorination conversion ratio. Finally, the influence of reduction temperature and the antiagglomeration capacity of the combined fluidized bed was analyzed.
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  Mathematical Model and Its Hybrid Dynamic Mechanism in Intelligent Control of Ironmaking

  LIU Xiangguan;ZENG Jiusun;ZHAO Min

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 7-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  A hybrid dynamic model was proposed, which considered both the hydrokinetic and the chaotic properties of the blast furnace ironmaking process; and great emphasis was put on its mechanism. The new model took the high complexity of the blast furnace as well as the effects of main parameters of the model into account, and the predicted results were in very good agreement with actual data.
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  Reaction Process of Chromium Slag Reduced by Industrial Waste in Solid Phase

  SHI Yumin;DU Xinghong;MENG Qingjia;SONG Shiwei;SUI Zhitong

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 12-0.

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  M, a particular industrial waste, was selected to detoxify chromium slag at a high temperature. The carbon remaining in M reduced Cr (Ⅵ) of Na2CrO4 borne in the chromium slag to Cr (Ⅲ) in the solid phase reaction, and its thermodynamics and kinetics were studied. The reduction process of Na2CrO4 by carbon produced CO, which was endothermic. Under the experimental condition, the apparent activation energy was 441 kJ·mol-1, the apparent order of reaction for Na2CrO4 was equal to one, and the partial pressure of CO was only 022 Pa at 1 330 ℃.
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  Electroreduction Kinetics for Molten Oxide Slags

  GAO Yunming;CHOU Kuochih;GUO Xingmin;WANG Wei

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 16-0.

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  The oxygenion conductor, the reducing agent, and the molten oxide slag containing electroactive matter were used as constituent of a galvanic cell. Metal was directly electroreduced from molten slag using a shortcircuit galvanic cell. The following galvanic cell was assembled in the present experiment: graphite rod, [O]FeC saturated｜ZrO2(MgO)｜Cu(l)+(FeO)(slag), and molybdenum wire. The FeO electroreduction reaction was studied through measuring short circuit current by controlling factors such as temperature, the FeO content in molten slags, and the external circuit resistance. An overall kinetics model was developed to describe the process of FeO electroreduction. It was found that the modeled curves were in good agreement with the experimental values. The new oxide reduction method in the metallurgy with controlled oxygen flow was proposed and the metallurgical theory with controlled oxygen flow was developed.
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  Thermodynamic Properties of FeCN and FeCBN Melts

  CHEN Erbao;WANG Shijun;DONG Yuanchi;WU Baoguo;ZHOU Yun

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 21-0.

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  The saturated solubility of carbon and nitrogen in FeCN and FeCBN melts was measured experimentally at 1 485 ℃ to obtain the activity interaction coefficients between components in these melts. A new method was used to treat experimental results. Using thermodynamic derivation and calculation, some important interaction coefficients between components in these melts were obtained.
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  Physical Properties and Regulating Mechanism of FluorideFree and Harmless B2O3Containing Mould Flux

  LI Guirong;WANG Hongming;DAI Qixun;ZHAO Yutao;LI Jingsheng

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 25-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  The flux agents in common mould fluxes were fluoride and sodium oxide, which would do great harm to environments. B2O3 was selected as flux. The physical properties of B2O3containing mould fluxes were studied. The corresponding physical properties of 3791%CaO4309%SiO25%Al2O35%MgO2%Li2O7%B2O3 mould fluxes were as follows: the melting point was 909 ℃, the flowing temperature was 1 160 ℃, the viscosity and surface tension at 1 300 ℃ were 04 Pa·s and 032 N/m respectively, which could meet the demands for certain kinds of steels for mould fluxes in continuous casting.
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  3D FE Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Billet in Rod and Wire Hot Continuous Rolling Process

  YUAN Siyu;ZHANG Liwen;LIAO Shulun;QI Min;ZHEN Yu;GUO Shuqi

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 29-0.

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  An FE model was developed to study thermal behavior during the rod and wire hot continuous rolling process. The FE code MSCMarc was used in the simulation using implicit static arithmetic. The whole rolling process of 30 passes was separated and simulated with several continuous 3D elasticplastic FE models. A rigid pushing body and a data transfer technique were introduced into this model. The online experiments were conducted on 304 stainless steel and GCr15 steel hot continuous rolling process to prove the results of simulation by implicit static FEM. The results show that the temperature results of finite element simulations are in good agreement with experiments, which indicate that the FE model developed in this study is effective and efficient.
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  Roll Shape Setting Technology of Hot Galvanizing and Planishing Mill

  BAI Zhenhua;YANG Lipo;LI Xingdong;GU Tingquan

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 33-0.

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  A roll shape setting model was built for the hot galvanizing and planishing mill. The uniform transversal distributions of the front tension in the exit and the unit pressure were considered as the objective function. At the same time, the quality of the products, the stability of zinc layer, and the homogeneity of spangles were of considerable significance in the planishing process. The model was applied to the roll shape setting of the 1800 cold rolling 3#CGL hot galvanizing and planishing mill of Baosteel Co Ltd. After being planished, the flatness of a strip that was less than 6 I was more than 97%, and the flatness of others were less than 10 I; the pass percentage of the zinc layers reached 100%.
Material
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  Improved Nonlinear Equation Method for Numerical Prediction of Jominy EndQuench Curves

  SONG Yuepeng;LIU Guoquan;LIU Shengxin;LIU Jiantao;FENG Chengming

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 37-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  Without considering the effects of alloying interaction on the Jominy endquench curves, the prediction results obtained by YU Baihai′s nonlinear equation method for multialloying steels were different from those experimental ones reported in literature. Some alloying elements have marked influence on Jominy endquench curves of steels. An improved mathematical model for simulating the Jominy endquench curves is proposed by introducing a parameter named alloying interactions equivalent (Le). With the improved model, the Jominy endquench curves of steels so obtained agree very well with the experimental ones.
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  Analysis of Laser Surface Hardened Layers of Automobile Engine Cylinder Liner

  LIU Xiubo;YU Gang;GUO Jian;SHANG Quanyi;ZHANG Zhenguo;GU Yijie

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 42-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  Gray cast iron that is used for automobile engine cylinder liners was laser surface hardened using Nd∶YAG quasicontinuous and CO2 continuous wave laser, respectively. The macromorphology and microstructure of the laser surface hardened layers were investigated using an optical microscope. Geometric dimensions including depth and width and microhardness distribution of the hardened layers were also examined in order to evaluate the quality of the hardened layers.
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  Effect of Rare Earth on Microstructures and Properties of High Speed Steel With High Carbon Content

  YANG Jun;ZOU Dening;LI Xiaoming;DU Zhongze

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 42-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  The effects of rare earth (RE) on the microstructures and properties of high carbon high speed steel (HCHSS) were investigated. The results show that when suitable RE is added to the HCHSS, the effect of RE on the austenite and eutectic carbides is obvious. The austenite grain and coarse eutectic structure are refined, and flake carbides in the eutectic structures become short and fine. After heat treatment, most of the eutectic carbides are spheroidized and distributed in a uniform manner. The hardness and red hardness of modified HCHSS are slightly increased; impact toughness is greatly increased by 3781% and reaches 1017 J/cm2. The mechanism by which RE improves the structures and properties of HCHSS is also analyzed.
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  Uniaxial TimeDependent Ratcheting of SS304 Stainless Steel at High Temperatures

  KANG Guozheng;ZHANG Juan;SUN Yafang;KAN Qianhua

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 53-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  The uniaxial timedependent strain cyclic behaviors and ratcheting of SS304 stainless steel were studied at high temperatures (350 ℃ and 700 ℃). The effects of straining and stressing rates, holding time at the peak and/or valley of each cycle in addition to ambient temperature on the cyclic softening/hardening behavior and ratcheting of the material were discussed. It can be seen from experimental results that the material presents remarkable time dependence at 700 ℃, and the ratcheting strain depends greatly on the stressing rate, holding time and ambient temperature. Some significant conclusions are obtained, which are useful to build a constitutive model describing the timedependent cyclic deformation of the material.
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  Fatigue Damage Mechanism of Oil Film Bearing Sleeve

  HUANG Qingxue;WANG Jianmei;MA Lifeng;ZHAO Chunjiang

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 60-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  With the rapid development of the steel industry, to keep pace with the current trend of high speed, continuous, and largescale production that focuses on automation and high levels of efficiency, many stateowned steel companies are being equipped with oil film bearings. Through longterm onspot inspection and research on the fatigue failure of oil film bearing, three segments of annulated fatigue breakage were found axially along the inner surface of the bearing sleeve. In order to elucidate the reason for the threesegment annulated damage under rolling load, numerical boundary element method was adopted to analyze the contact behaviors between the sleeve and rollneck. Failure mechanism was discussed in detail, the distributions of contact stress were analyzed, and the service lives of the sleeve for different positions on the inner surface were quantitatively described, which provided an effective means to decrease wear and adhesive damage of the sleeve and to increase the load capacity of oil film bearing and its service life as well.
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  Nanometer Stripe Microstructure of Supersaturated Solid Solution in FeCu Alloy

  REN Huiping;WANG Haiyan;LIU Zongchang;AN Zhiguo

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 64-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  Strengthening due to precipitation of Cu in the αFe matrix is an important phenomenon utilized in the design of HSLA steels. In the present work, the microstructure of supersaturated solid solution in Fe118%Cu binary alloy was investigated by means of high resolution electron microscopy. The results indicated that the solid solution was heterogeneous, there were lots of Cu atom clusters, which consisted of diffractive stripe microstructure similar to twin crystal. Orientation deviation was observed between two (110)α planes in diffractive stripes, which results in light and shade contrast. Furthermore, formation mechanisms of the nanometre stripe microstructure were discussed in terms of the interaction of Cu and Fe atoms in the FeCu binary alloys.
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  Effect of Austenite Deformation on Continuous Cooling Transformation Microstructures for 22CrSH Gear Steel

  WANG Bingxin;JIANG Yingtian;XU Xudong;LIU Xianghua;WANG Guodong

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 69-0.

  摘要 ( )   可视化   收藏

  The effect of compressive deformation of austenite on continuous cooling transformation microstructures for 22CrSH gear steel has been investigated using a Gleeble 1500 thermal simulator. The experimental results show that the deformation of austenite promotes the formation of proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite, and leads to the increase of critical cooling rate of proeutectoid ferrite plus pearlite microstructure. The grain boundary allotriomorphic ferrite occupies the austenite grain surfaces when the prior deformation takes place or the cooling rate is decreased, which causes a transition from bainite to acicular ferrite. The deformation enhances the stability of transformation from austenite to acicular ferrite, which results in an increase of M/A constituent.
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  Effect of Sulfate Reduced Bacterium on Corrosion Behavior of 10CrMoAl Steel

  WANG Hua;LIANG Chenghao;

  中国钢铁期刊网. 2007, 14(1): 74-0.

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  The effects of sulfate reduced bacterium (SRB) on the corrosion behavior of 10CrMoAl steel in seawater were studied by chemical immersion, potentiodynamic polarization, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurement, and scanning electron microscope techniques. The results show that the content of element sulfur in the corrosion product of 10CrMoAl steel in seawater with SRB is up to 923%, which is higher than that of the same in sterile seawater. Xray diffraction demonstrates that the main corrosion product is FeS. SRB increases the corrosion rate by anodic depolarization of the metabolized sulfide product. SEM observation indicates that the corrosion product is not distributed continuously; in addition, bacilliform sulfatereduced bacterium accumulates on the local surface of 10CrMoAl steel. Hence, SRB enhances sensitivity to the localized corrosion of 10CrMoAl steel in seawater.