Research and establishment of low-energy mammography X-ray radiation device

To address the traceability challenges in medical mammography X-ray machines, this study designed and developed a low-energy mammography X-ray radiation device. The system features a dual-source configuration(molybdenum target and tungsten target) for generating RQR-M and RQA reference radiation qualities, and employs a top-down vertical irradiation geometry to accurately simulate the operational conditions of clinical mammography systems. This design enhances the efficiency of value transmission and minimizes the impact of scattered radiation on the surroundings. This paper elaborates on the core components, operational principles, and two measurement methodologies(coaxiality and uniformity) for characterizing the radiation field. Experimental focus was placed on the field uniformity at a distance of 0.6 m from the X-ray focal spot. Results demonstrate that the radiation field area with uniformity exceeding 95% is approximately 95 mm(horizontal) × 90 mm(vertical), which meets the calibration requirements for ionization chambers of commercial mammography dose meters. Repeated performance tests and long-term field application have confirmed the stability and reliability of the device, providing crucial technical support for the traceability of mammography equipment, radiation hazard control, and public health protection.