在围海造陆、航道疏浚等作业中，大量泥沙通过管道以浆体的形式输送。管体不仅发生磨损，还承受不同程度的腐蚀，从而使得管体产生严重的磨蚀失效。采用旋转型试验装置对比研究了海水浆体疏浚环境下普碳钢和低合金高强钢的磨蚀行为，测量了磨蚀失重中各磨蚀分量的所占比例，分析了试验钢的磨蚀失效方式及主要影响因素。试验结果表明，钢的磨蚀失重随速度的增加而迅速增加，在海水浆体环境下试验钢的磨蚀失重主要是磨损引起的，同时存在明显的腐蚀与磨损的交互作用。钢中适量的Cr含量有利于降低自然腐蚀电位，起到抑制腐蚀的作用，从而降低了腐蚀失重，提高耐磨蚀性能。普碳钢的磨蚀失效方式主要是犁沟、片层及磨蚀坑的形成；高强钢表面的犁沟较浅且窄，其磨蚀失效方式主要为磨蚀坑和片层的形成。
Abstract
Large- scale solid particles are transported by pipeline in form of slurry in dredging works. The pipeline not only wears away, but also suffers from different degrees of corrosion, so as to make the pipeline has serious abrasion failure. The erosion- corrosion behavior of steels in sea water slurry was investigated using the rotation method and the proportion of each abrasive component in erosion- corrosion weight loss was measured, the failure mode of erosion- corrosion and dominate effective factors were also analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the erosion- corrosion weight loss increases rapidly with the increasing of test velocities, erosion is the primary contributor of erosion- corrosion weight loss in sea water slurry, at the same time there is a clear interaction between corrosion and erosion. The addition of Cr in steel is beneficial to reduce the self- corrosion potential, then corrosion is depressed and the resistance of erosion- corrosion is improved.The formation of many platelets, gouges and crates and their removal from the sample surface during erosion- corrosion in the slurry are thought to constitute the mechanism responsible for this weight loss for carbon steels. The gouges are shallower on the surface of high strength steel specimens, and the formation of platelets and crates are thought to the dominate contributor.
关键词
磨损 /
腐蚀 /
浆体 /
交互作用 /
钢
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Key words
Erosion /
Corrosion /
Slurry /
Synergy /
steel
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