Research status and development of extraction process of zinc-bearing dust from ironmaking and steelmaking—a critical review

doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-023-01004-5

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Abstract Almost 29.57–38.46 million tons of zinc-bearing dust were produced in Chinese iron and steel enterprises annually. The recovery of Zn and other metals in zinc-bearing dust from ironmaking and steelmaking could improve economic efficiency. However, zinc-bearing dust was classified as hazardous waste, and the volatile metals (like Zn, Na, Pb, etc.) in zinc-bearing dust limited the direct reusing in a blast furnace. Therefore, the formation process, fundamental characteristics, and current extraction process of Zn from zinc-bearing dust, associated with thermodynamics and kinetics of the pyrometallurgical process, hydrometallurgical process, and pyro-hydrometallurgical process, were analyzed. It is indicated that industrialized pyrometallurgical processes are undergoing high energy consumption and pollution such as rotary kiln and rotary hearth furnace process. The vacuum carbothermal reduction process can realize low carbon emission and no waste produced in the process. The hydrometallurgical leaching processes in strong acid, strong alkali, and ammonium solutions result in serious liquid pollution and equipment corrosion. The pyrometallurgical process involves complex kinetics and lacks kinetic research on semi-industrialization and industrialization. Water-soluble components in zinc-bearing dust can be removed by water leaching. The kinetics of the strong acid leaching is mainly controlled by the leaching kinetics of Fe₂O₃ and ZnFe₂O₄, while the alkali leaching and weak acid leaching are controlled by the kinetics of ZnO leaching. Zn in the zincbearing dust can be extracted by a low-temperature sodium roasting–weak acid leaching process that reduces equipment corrosion and environmental pollution.

Key words： Zinc-bearing dust Fundamental characteristics Zn Extraction process Thermodynamics Dynamics

Received: 22 December 2022 Published: 25 July 2023

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	Articles by authors
	Ren-lin Zhu
	Run Huang
	An-xun Xu
	Bo Li
	Yong-gang Zang
	Xue Deng
	Jing Yang
	Miao Li
	Xian-ze Long

Cite this article:

Ren-lin Zhu,Run Huang,An-xun Xu, et al. Research status and development of extraction process of zinc-bearing dust from ironmaking and steelmaking—a critical review[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2023, 30(7): 1303-1323.