Abstract:The temperature control during ladle holding period has a significant effect on the continuous casting process. Using ANSYS software, a three-dimensional heat transfer model of ladle was established for transient simulation. The influences of 4%, 6% and 8% refining slag thickness on the velocity field and temperature field in molten steel and temperature distribution through ladle wall were studied. During the simulation, the two-phase flow model (steel-slag) was adopted as well as the variation of slag viscosity was used as a function of temperature, combined convection and radiation boundary conditions were applied to slag-air outface and refractory exterior surface. The results show that circulation of velocity field and heat loss in molten steel can be effectively weakened by increasing slag thickness, but it will aggravate thermal stratification of molten steel. The heat dissipation power of molten steel on sidewall and steel-slag interface is dominant, accounting for about 90%. When the thickness of slag layer increases from 4% to 6% and continues to 8%, the heat dissipation power of steel-slag interface decreases by 17.42% and 19.96%, respectively.
颜晗, Conejo A N, 张晗, 封伟航, 牛凯军. 钢包静置过程中传热现象的数值模拟[J]. 连铸, 2022, 41(1): 31-38.
YAN Han, Conejo A N, ZHANG Han, FENG Wei-hang, NIU Kai-jun. Numerical simulation of heat transfer during ladle holding period. CONTINUOUS CASTING, 2022, 41(1): 31-38.
Xia J L, Ahokainen T. Thermal statification in a steel ladle[J].Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly, 2001, 40(4): 479.
[12]
高旭东. 钢包内钢水流热耦合场的数值模拟研究[D]. 沈阳:东北大学, 2012.
[13]
Austin P R, Camplin J M, Herbertson J, et al. Mathematical modeling of thermal stratification and drainage of steel ladles[J].ISIJ International, 1992, 32(2): 196.
[14]
Putan V, Vilceanu L, Socalici A, et al. Mathematical and physical modeling of thermal stratification phenomena in steel ladles[C]//Materials Science and Engineering. Hunedoara: International Conference on Applied Sciences, 2018.
[15]
Glaser B, Mårten G, Du S. Thermal modelling of the madle preheating process[J].Steel Research International, 2011, 82(12): 1425.
[16]
Deodhar A, Singh U, Shukla R, et al. Fast and accurate prediction of stratified steel temperature during holding period of ladle[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 48(2): 1217.
[17]
Pan Y, Carl-Erik Grip, Bjrkman B. Numerical studies on the parameters influencing steel ladle heat loss rate, thermal stratification during holding and steel stream temperature during teeming[J].Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy, 2003, 32(2):71.
[18]
Ilegbusi O J, Szekely J. Melt stratification in ladles[J].Transactions of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 2006, 27(7):563.
[19]
Jonsson P G, Jonsson L, Sichen D. Viscosities of LF slags and their impact on ladle refining[J].ISIJ International, 1997, 37(5):484.
LU B Y, MENG X N, ZHU M Y. Numerical analysis for the heat transfer behavior of steel ladle as the thermoelectric waste-heat source[J].Catalysis Today, 2018, 318: 180.
[22]
Cloete S, Eksteen J J, Bradshaw S M. A numerical modelling investigation into design variables influencing mixing efficiency in full scale gas stirred ladles[J].Minerals Engineering, 2013, 47: 16.
[23]
Tripathi A, Saha J K, Singh J B, et al. Numerical simulation of heat transfer phenomenon in steel making ladle[J].ISIJ International, 2012, 52(9):1591.
[24]
Liu W, Lee J, Guo X, et al. Argon bubble coalescence and breakup in a steel ladle with bottom plugs[J].Steel Research International, 2018,90(4):1.
[25]
Grip C E, Jonsson L. Numerical prediction and experimental verification of thermal stratification during holding in pilot plant and production ladles[J].ISIJ International, 1999, 39(7): 715.
[26]
Volkova O, Janke D. Modelling of temperature distribution in refractory ladle lining for steelmaking[J].ISIJ International, 2007, 43(8):1185.
[27]
LI G F, LIU J, JIANG G Z, et al. Numerical simulation of temperature field and thermal stress field in the new type of ladle with the nanometer adiabatic material[J].Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2015, 7(4): 1.
[28]
Zimmer A, Trommer R M, Bragança S R, et al. Heat transfer in steelmaking ladle[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2008, 15(3): 11.