采用组织分析、拉伸试验、盐雾腐蚀试验、电化学及应力腐蚀等试验方法,研究了高耐蚀超纯铁素体不锈钢445J2和奥氏体不锈钢316L的组织及耐蚀性能。研究表明,445J2不锈钢加工硬化倾向小,深拉伸成型性好;比316L密度低,导热性能好,热膨胀系数小,不易产生热变形,耐盐雾腐蚀性能、耐点蚀性能比316L更优异,不具有晶间腐蚀敏感性和应力腐蚀倾向,可替代316L奥氏体不锈钢用于耐蚀性要求较高的水系统、建筑屋面、幕墙等众多领域。

The microstructure and corrosion resistance of ultra-pure ferritic stainless steel 445J2 and austenitic stainless steel 316L were studied by means of microstructure analysis, tensile test, salt spray corrosion test, electrochemical test, and stress corrosion test. The results showed that 445J2 stainless steel had low work hardening orientation and good deep drawing formability. Compared with 316L, the 445J2 stainless steel had lower density, better thermal conductivity, smaller coefficient of thermal expansion, less thermal deformation, better salt spray corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion resistance. Moreover, it had no intergranular corrosion sensitivity and stress corrosion tendency. The 445J2 stainless steel could replace 316L austenitic stainless steel for the application in water system, building roof, curtain wall and many other fields with high corrosion resistance requirements.