20#无缝钢管制成的摩托车车架立管在使用后出现裂纹,从金相检验、化学分析、硬度及电镜扫描等方面对立管进行检测,寻找裂纹产生的原因。结果表明,车架立管本体的化学成分符合国家标准的要求,硬度和金相组织无异常。受检面在焊接热影响区域发现有马氏体组织存在。马氏体组织的存在增大了构件的脆性,降低了构件的韧性。马氏体组织和基体组织之间的硬度差形成了应力集中。因此,焊接过程中产生的马氏体是造成摩托车车架立管开裂的主要原因。
Abstract
The motorcycle′s frame riser made by 20# seamless steel tube was cracked during use. The cause was investigated through metallographic examination, chemical composition analysis, hardness test and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the chemical composition of frame riser could meet the requirements of national standards, and there was no abnormality in the hardness and microstructure. Martensite was found in the welding heat affected zone of tested surface. The existence of martensite increased the brittleness and reduced the toughness of riser support. The hardness difference between martensitic structure and matrix structure formed stress concentration. Therefore, the main reason to cause cracking of frame riser was the martensite which was generated during welding.
关键词
立管 /
裂纹 /
焊接 /
马氏体
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Key words
frame riser /
crack /
welding /
martensite
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