2004年, 第11卷, 第4期　刊出日期：2004-07-25

  

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  Advances in Modern EAF Steelmaking Technology of China

  FU Jie, WANG Zhong-bing, WANG Xing-jiang, MAO Xin-ping

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 1-9.

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  In the recent decade, the remarkable achievements have been made on steelmaking technology with electric arc furnace (EAF) in China, on the basis of importing and assimilating new technologies from abroad and making innovation. The integrated control theory of tap-to-tap time and electric power consumption of modern EAF was put forward and hence showed there search direction to shorten tap-to-tap time, decrease electric energy consumption and increase productivity and the basis to select rated power of transformer. EAF steelmaking technology with hot metal charging, terminal point control (TPC) technology, bottom blowing technology with nitrogen instead of argon and low nitrogen steel producing technology were obtained. Finally, the structure model of raw materials was presented.
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  Municipal Waste Disposal by High Temperature Smelting Technique

  SHEN Zong-bin, ZHANG Chun-xia, ZHANG You-ping, LIU Kun

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 10-14.

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  Municipal waste disposal system by high temperature smelting has the following characteristics: ①The smelting temperature is as high as 1700—1800 ℃; ②The dioxin is hardly produced; ③The secondary pollution can be avoided because of the absence of heavy metals in the flux; ④The metals and flux after disposal can be reused for construction materials. If outdated, the idle or discarded medium and small blast furnaces can be reconstructed into a waste resource system with high temperature smelting technique, and it is possible to make full use of their existing functions to reduce the investment and exploit their social function of environmental protection. In addition, a new waste disposal system with high temperature smelting was designed based on the recycling municipal waste technology abroad.
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  Density of Na₂O-Li₂O-SiO₂-B₂O₃ Molten Slag at 1803-1873 K

  XIAO Feng, FANG Liang

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 15-18.

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  The density of three kinds of molten slags was measured by modified sessile drop method at 1803—1873 K. The density of molten slag is found to decrease with increasing temperature. The temperature coefficients of Na₂O-Li₂O-SiO₂ and Li₂O-SiO₂-B₂O₃ slag are smaller than that of Na₂O-B₂O₃ slag. The molar volume of slags increases with increasing temperature.
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  Reduction Mechanism of Chromite Ore in Blast Furnace

  LI Yi-wei, DING Wei-zhong, LU Xiong-gang, XU Kuang-di

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 19-23.

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  The structural changes and reduction degree of chromite ore in blast furnace were studied by optical micrograph analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). The smelting reduction mechanism of chromite in blast furnace was primarily discussed.
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  Mechanism of Gas Intrusion into Molten Metal during Horizontal Centrifugal Casting

  NI Feng, ZHANG Zhan-ling, YANG Di-xin, BI Xiao-qin, ZHANG Yong-zhen

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 24-28.

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  A mechanism of gas intrusion into molten metal during horizontal centrifugal casting was introduced. Based upon this concept, a special pouring method was suggested, which can effectively prevent the pinhole defects in horizontal centrifugal castings.
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  Two-Dimensional Transient Temperature Field of Finish Rolling Section in Hot Tandem Rolling

  YANG Li-po, PENG Yan, LIU Hong-min

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 29-33.

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  Comprehensively considering the factors such as descaling cooling, air cooling, water cooling, frictional heat and deformation heat in gap of every stand, heat conduction between work roll and strip etc, a model of two-dimensional transient temperature field of finish rolling section in hot tandem rolling was built with finite difference method to calculate the temperature fields of strip and work roll. So two-dimensional accurate analysis and calculation of strip temperature were realized, and the theoretical basis for predicting and controlling strip temperature was provided. The simulated results show that the model is practical and reliable.
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  Non-Oriented Fe-Si Thin Strip Produced from Grain Oriented Fe-Si Strip by CSR

  YE He-zhou, QI Ke-min, GAO Xiu-hua, QIU Chun-lin, LIU En

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 34-37.

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  The grain oriented silicon strip was rolled by cross shear rolling (CSR)and then annealed to manufacture non-oriented thin silicon strip of high quality. The recrystallization of rolled grain-oriented silicon steel into non-oriented silicon steel was studied. For this purpose, CSR is better than conventional rolling, and the higher the mismatched speed rate is, the better the properties of the non-oriented thin silicon strip are. The optimum annealing schedule is heating at 1000℃ for 1 h in pure hydrogen atmosphere added with H₂S of 0. 0010%.
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  Evaluation of Strain Hardening Parameters

  DING Zong-hai, Pavel Huml, YANG Wei

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 38-46.

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  The plane-strain compression test for three kinds of materials was carried out in a temperature range between room temperature and 400℃. The o-e curves and strain-hardening rate at different temperatures were simulated and a reasonable fit to the experimental data was obtained. A modified model created by data inference and computer simulation was developed to describe the strain hardening at a large deformation, and the predicted strain hardening are in a good agreement with that observed in a large range of stress. The influences of different parameters on strain hardening behaviour under large deformation were analysed. The temperature increase within the test temperatures for stainless steel 18/8 Ti results in dropping of flow stress and strain-hardening rate. For favourable γ-fibre texture to obtain high r, the cold rolling was applied at large reduction. In the experimental procedure, the X-ray diffraction test was carried out to compare the strain hardening and microstructure under large deformation for a bcc steel (low carbon steel SS-1142). The results indicate that the high strain-hardening rate possibly occurs when the primary slip plane {110} is parallel to the rolling plane and the strain-hardening rate decreases when lots of {110} plane rotate out from the orientation {110}//RP.
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  Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel 304 in Carbon Dioxide Environments

  LI Guo-min, GUO Xing-peng, ZHENG Jia-shen

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 47-51.

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  The pitting corrosion behavior of stainless steel (SS)304 in aqueous CO₂-H₂S-Cl-environment was investigated by potentiodynamic cyclic anodic polarization and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The experimental results show that the pitting corrosion susceptivity of SS 304 increases with the increase of temperature. Chlorine ion is the prerequisite for pitting corrosion of SS 304 in H₂S-CO₂ environments. There is a linear relationship between the pitting corrosion potential (Eb-100) and chlorine ion concentration, and Eb-100 becomes noble with in-creasing pH value of the solution with or without H₂S. pH value has little effect on the protection potential with the presence of H₂S. H₂S increases strongly the pitting corrosion susceptivity and deteriorates the pitting corrosion resistance of SS 304 in CO₂environments. The observations by EPMA show that SS 304 in CO₂-saturated NaCl solution (3%) with H₂S suffers pitting corrosion accompanied with intergranular corrosion.
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  Erosion and Corrosion of Mild Steel and Stainless Steel in Sodium Carbonate/Bicarbonate Solution Bearing Alumina Particle

  YUAN Qing-long, LIANG Hong-da

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 52-55.

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  With a rotating cylinder electrode apparatus, the polarization behaviors of the mild steel and the stainless steel OCr18Ni9 in NaHCO₃ (0. 5 M)+Na₂CO₃ (0. 5 M) solution with and without erodent particles were investigated and compared. The results show that the rotation speed of cylinder hardly affects the polarization behavior of sample in solution without particles but exerts a great influence on that with particles. Increasing rotation speed, the free corrosion potential shifts to positive direction and the oxygen limiting current density increases. Both the mild steel and stainless steel OCr18Ni9 experience a significant increase of the mass loss by in-creasing erosion, and erosive wear was dominated by severe micro-plowing. The insufficient mechanical strength of both materials leads to a low resistance to particle removal. Increasing peripheral velocities of the rotating cylinder enhances the corrosion rate of the mild steel. The stainless steel OCr18Ni9, due to a high erosive wear, also suffers from similar erosion-corrosion damage, despite that its corrosion resistance is much higher than that of the mild steel.
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  Low Temperature Superplasticity of 40Cr Steel

  XU Xiao-jing, SHI Lian-jie

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 56-58.

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  The low temperature superplastic characteristics of commercial 40Cr steel, which was subjected to water quenching three times and subsequent high temperature tempering, were investigated. The results show that the 40Cr steel has a grain size of 5—10μm, and exhibits an elongation of 254%, a flow stress of 108. 1 MPa, a strain rate sensitivity m-value of 0. 221 at the temperature of 650℃ and the initial strain rate of 3. 16×10^-4s^-1.
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  Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Clad Cobalt - Based Alloy/SiC, Composite Coating

  LI Ming-xi, SI Song-hua, HE Yi-zhu, SUN Guo-xiong

  钢铁研究学报（英文版）. 2004, 11(4): 59-62.

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  The SiC_p (20 %) reinforced cobalt-based alloy composite coatings deposited by laser cladding on IF steel were introduced. The microstructure across the whole section of such coatings was examined using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the wear resistance of the coatings was measured by MM-200 type wear testing machine. The results show that the SiCp is completely dissolved during laser clad-ding and the primary phase in the coatings is γ-Co. The other phases, such as Si₂W, CoWSi, Cr₃Si and CoSi2, are formed by carbon, silicon reacting with other elements existing in the melting pool. There are various crystallization morphologies in different zones, such as planar crystallization at the interface, followed by cellular and dendrite crystallization from interface to the surface. The direction of solidification changes from one direction perpendicular to interface to multi-directions at the central and upper regions of the clad. The wear resistance of the clad is improved by adding SiCp.