Abstract：Influence of calciumtreatment on the composition and morphology of non-metallic inclusions in high carbon aluminum killed steel was studied by automatic SEM（ASPEX）. The results indicated that inclusions transformed from MgO·Al2O3 spinel at LF ending to complicated[x(MgO·Al2O3)·(1－x)CaS]inclusions after calciumtreatment， instead of low-melting calcium-aluminates. The mass ratio of MgO/Al2O3 in inclusions which was nearly 1[∶]3 maintained almost constant during calciumtreatment.Because of[w([S])/w(T[O])]in steel being so high， calcium combined with sulfur to generate CaS and didn’t modify MgO·Al2O3 inclusions.On the other hand， due to the basicity of refining slag being so low， calcium in steel cannot reduce MgO of MgO·Al2O3 inclusions. On this basis， the generation and evolution mechanisms of inclusions during calciumtreatment were discussed.
高胜亚，姜 敏，侯泽旺，王新华. 钙处理对高碳铝镇静钢中夹杂物的影响[J]. 钢铁, 2017, 52(4): 25-30.
GAO Sheng-ya，JIANG Min，HOU Ze-wang，WANG Xin-hua. Effect of calciumtreatment on non-metallic inclusions in high carbon aluminum killed steel. Iron and Steel, 2017, 52(4): 25-30.
Higuchi Y, Numata M, Fukagawa S, et al. Effect of method of Ca treatment on composition and shape of non-metallic inclusions[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1996, 82(8): 671-676.
[1]
Higuchi Y, Numata M, Fukagawa S, et al. Effect of method of Ca treatment on composition and shape of non-metallic inclusions[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1996, 82(8): 671-676.
[2]
Liu C, Huang F, Suo J, et al. Effect of Magnesia-Carbon Refractory on the Kinetics of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusion Generation in Extra-Low Oxygen Steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 989-998.
[2]
Liu C, Huang F, Suo J, et al. Effect of Magnesia-Carbon Refractory on the Kinetics of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusion Generation in Extra-Low Oxygen Steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 989-998.
[3]
Liu C, Huang F, Wang X. The Effect of Refining Slag and Refractory on Inclusion Transformation in Extra Low Oxygen Steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 999-1009
[3]
Liu C, Huang F, Wang X. The Effect of Refining Slag and Refractory on Inclusion Transformation in Extra Low Oxygen Steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 999-1009
[4]
Park J H, Todoroki H. Control of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusions in Stainless Steels[J]. ISIJ international, 2010, 50(10): 1333-1346.
[4]
Park J H, Todoroki H. Control of MgO·Al2O3 Spinel Inclusions in Stainless Steels[J]. ISIJ international, 2010, 50(10): 1333-1346.
[5]
Cicutti C E, Madias J, Gonzalez J C. Control of microinclusions in calcium treated aluminium killed steels[J]. Ironmaking & steelmaking, 1997, 24(2): 155-159.
[5]
Cicutti C E, Madias J, Gonzalez J C. Control of microinclusions in calcium treated aluminium killed steels[J]. Ironmaking & steelmaking, 1997, 24(2): 155-159.
[6]
Ye G, J?nsson P, Lund T. Thermodynamics and kinetics of the modification of Al2O3 inclusions[J]. ISIJ international, 1996, 36(Suppl): S105-S108.
[6]
Ye G, J?nsson P, Lund T. Thermodynamics and kinetics of the modification of Al2O3 inclusions[J]. ISIJ international, 1996, 36(Suppl): S105-S108.
[7]
Bielefeldt W V, Vilela A C F. Study of Inclusions in High Sulfur, Al-Killed Ca-Treated Steel via Experiments and Thermodynamic Calculations[J]. steel research international, 2015, 86(4): 375-385.
[7]
Bielefeldt W V, Vilela A C F. Study of Inclusions in High Sulfur, Al-Killed Ca-Treated Steel via Experiments and Thermodynamic Calculations[J]. steel research international, 2015, 86(4): 375-385.
[8]
Ikeda T, Fujino N, Ichihashi H. Shape Control Mechanism of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel by Calcium Treatment[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan), 1980, 66(14): 2040-2049.
[8]
Ikeda T, Fujino N, Ichihashi H. Shape Control Mechanism of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel by Calcium Treatment[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan), 1980, 66(14): 2040-2049.
[9]
Numata M, Higuchi Y, Fukagawa S. The change of composition of inclusion during Ca treatment[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1998, 84(3): 159-164.
[9]
Numata M, Higuchi Y, Fukagawa S. The change of composition of inclusion during Ca treatment[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1998, 84(3): 159-164.
[10]
马志飞,孙彦辉,曾亚南等. 中碳钢钙处理夹杂物变性的“液相窗口”控制模型[J]. 钢铁,2013,48(11): 37-42.(MA Zhi-fei, SUN Yan-hui, ZENG Ya-nan, et al. Model of ‘liquid window’ by calcium treatment in medium carbon steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2013,48(11): 37-42.)
[10]
马志飞,孙彦辉,曾亚南等. 中碳钢钙处理夹杂物变性的“液相窗口”控制模型[J]. 钢铁,2013,48(11): 37-42.(MA Zhi-fei, SUN Yan-hui, ZENG Ya-nan, et al. Model of ‘liquid window’ by calcium treatment in medium carbon steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2013,48(11): 37-42.)
[11]
Jing G, Shu-Sen C, Zi-Jian C. Mechanism of Non-metallic Inclusion Formation and Modification and Their Deformation during Compact Strip Production (CSP) Process for Aluminum-Killed Steel[J]. ISIJ international, 2013, 53(12): 2142-2151.
[11]
Jing G, Shu-Sen C, Zi-Jian C. Mechanism of Non-metallic Inclusion Formation and Modification and Their Deformation during Compact Strip Production (CSP) Process for Aluminum-Killed Steel[J]. ISIJ international, 2013, 53(12): 2142-2151.
[12]
Xu J, Huang F, Wang X. Formation Mechanism of CaS-Al2O3 Inclusions in Low Sulfur Al-Killed Steel After Calcium Treatment[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 1217-1227.
[12]
Xu J, Huang F, Wang X. Formation Mechanism of CaS-Al2O3 Inclusions in Low Sulfur Al-Killed Steel After Calcium Treatment[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2016, 47(2): 1217-1227.
[13]
Wang Y, Sridhar S, Valdez M. Formation of CaS on Al2O3-CaO inclusions during solidification of steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2002, 33(4): 625-632.
[13]
Wang Y, Sridhar S, Valdez M. Formation of CaS on Al2O3-CaO inclusions during solidification of steels[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2002, 33(4): 625-632.
[14]
Higuchi Y, Numata M, Fukagawa S, et al. Inclusion Modification by Calcium Treatment[J]. ISIJ International, 1996, 36(Suppl): S151-S154.
[14]
Higuchi Y, Numata M, Fukagawa S, et al. Inclusion Modification by Calcium Treatment[J]. ISIJ International, 1996, 36(Suppl): S151-S154.
[15]
Verma N, Lind M, Pistorius P C, et al. Modification of spinel inclusions by calcium in liquid steel[J]. Iron & steel technology, 2010, 7(7): 189-197.
[15]
Verma N, Lind M, Pistorius P C, et al. Modification of spinel inclusions by calcium in liquid steel[J]. Iron & steel technology, 2010, 7(7): 189-197.
[16]
Verma N, Pistorius P C, Fruehan R J, et al. Transient inclusion evolution during modification of alumina inclusions by calcium in liquid steel: Part II. Results and discussion[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2011, 42(4): 720-729.
[16]
Verma N, Pistorius P C, Fruehan R J, et al. Transient inclusion evolution during modification of alumina inclusions by calcium in liquid steel: Part II. Results and discussion[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2011, 42(4): 720-729.
[17]
Itoh H, Hino M, Ban Ya S. Assessment of Al deoxidation equilibrium in liquid iron[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1997, 83(12): 773-778.
[17]
Itoh H, Hino M, Ban Ya S. Assessment of Al deoxidation equilibrium in liquid iron[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane(Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute of Japan)(Japan), 1997, 83(12): 773-778.
[18]
Taguchi K, Ono-Nakazato H, Nakai D, et al. Deoxidation and desulfurization equilibria of liquid iron by calcium[J]. ISIJ international, 2003, 43(11): 1705-1709.
[18]
Taguchi K, Ono-Nakazato H, Nakai D, et al. Deoxidation and desulfurization equilibria of liquid iron by calcium[J]. ISIJ international, 2003, 43(11): 1705-1709.
[19]
Presern V, Korousic B, Hastie J W. Thermodynamic conditions for inclusions modification in calcium treated steel[J]. Steel research, 1991, 62(7): 289-295.
[19]
Presern V, Korousic B, Hastie J W. Thermodynamic conditions for inclusions modification in calcium treated steel[J]. Steel research, 1991, 62(7): 289-295.
[20]
Fujii K, Nagasaka T, Hino M. Activities of the Constituents in Spinel Solid Solution and Free Energies of Formation of MgO, MgO·Al2O3[J]. ISIJ international, 2000, 40(11): 1059-1066.
[20]
Fujii K, Nagasaka T, Hino M. Activities of the Constituents in Spinel Solid Solution and Free Energies of Formation of MgO, MgO·Al2O3[J]. ISIJ international, 2000, 40(11): 1059-1066.
[21]
Yang G, Wang X, Huang F, et al. Influence of Calcium Addition on Inclusions in LCAK Steel with Ultralow Sulfur Content[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2015, 46(1): 145-154.
[21]
Yang G, Wang X, Huang F, et al. Influence of Calcium Addition on Inclusions in LCAK Steel with Ultralow Sulfur Content[J]. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2015, 46(1): 145-154.
[22]
Hideaki SUITO，Ryo INOUE. Thermodynamics on Control of Inclusions Composition in Ultra-clean Steels[J]. ISIJ International，1996, 36(5): 528-536.
[22]
Hideaki SUITO，Ryo INOUE. Thermodynamics on Control of Inclusions Composition in Ultra-clean Steels[J]. ISIJ International，1996, 36(5): 528-536.
2017, Vol. 52 
