镍基高温合金生产用原材料有害杂质的控制

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20170169

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摘要航空发动机推重比不断增大、涡轮进口温度不断提高，对优质镍基高温合金热端零部件的综合性能提出了更高的要求。合金材料的质量取决于化学组成和铸态组织结构，这就要求高温合金生产必须首先严格控制合金成分和降低有害元素的质量分数。实际生产中，残留在镍基高温合金中的有害杂质铅、锡、砷、锑、铋、硒以及氧、氮、硫等采用一般精炼技术很难去除，合金材料的洁净度很大程度上取决于原材料的洁净度。随着中国高温合金生产企业设备和工艺水平的提高，原材料的有害杂质质量分数已成为限制优质高温合金稳定生产的瓶颈。基于对原材料中有害元素来源的分析，提出从矿源选择、原料金属提取和精炼、废旧合金的净化利用及炉料入炉前的处理等途径对原材料质量进行综合控制。

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	姜周华
	张新法
	刘福斌
	龚伟

关键词 ：镍基高温合金, 金属原材料, 返回料, 提纯净化

Abstract：With increasing thrust-weight ratio and inlet temperature of turbine for the aircraft engine，higher comprehensive performance requirements are put forward for components operating in hot environment manufactured by premium Ni-based superalloy. The quality of high temperature alloy material depends on its chemical composition and structure. It is obligatory to strictly control the alloy composition and reduce the content of harmful elements firstly. Since the residual detrimental impurities such as Pb，Sn，As，Sb，Bi，Se，and O，N，S etc are difficult to remove through common refining technology in practice， the purity of superalloy products would greatly depends on purity of raw materials used in production. Along with improvement in equipment and technology of domestic alloy making enterprises，raw materials of high harmful impurity content has become the bottleneck，limiting stable production of premium Ni-based superalloy. Based on the analysis of sources of trace elements in primary raw materials used in production of superalloy，the approaches of quality control for raw materials are proposed including selecting superior ore resources，improving the level of extraction and refining，purifying scrap and spent alloy component and cleaning the raw materials before charging.

收稿日期: 2017-04-12 出版日期: 2017-09-07

引用本文:

姜周华，张新法，刘福斌，龚伟. 镍基高温合金生产用原材料有害杂质的控制[J]. 钢铁, 2017, 52(9): 1-10. JIANG Zhou-hua，ZHANG Xin-fa，LIU Fu-bin，GONG Wei. Harmful impurities control of raw material used in Ni-based superalloy production. Iron and Steel, 2017, 52(9): 1-10.

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