Effect of yttrium content on inclusions in Al-killed titanium-bearing stainless steel
ZHANG Jing1, MA Hong-bo1, ZHANG Ji2, ZHANG Li-feng3
1. School of Vehicle and Energy, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei, China; 2. School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 3. School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing 100144, China
Abstract:Taking the T4003 ferritic stainless steel as research object, the inclusions in the stainless steel with measured yttrium mass percent of 0,0.007 0%,0.014 0%,0.023 0% were analyzed by thermodynamic calculation and laboratory experiments. The effect of yttrium content on inclusions in the ferritic stainless steel was studied. The influence of different yttrium contents on inclusions in steel was summarized. The types of inclusions in the steel were predicted by calculating the Gibbs free energy change of inclusions that may be generated in the experimental steel, and the variation of Gibbs free energy change with temperature of different inclusions in the experimental steel with different yttrium contents was summarized. Then, the actual inclusions in the experimental steel were observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the observation results were compared with calculation results and they achieved consistent. The result shows that inclusions in the stainless steel without yttrium are mainly homogeneous TiN inclusions with non-uniform sizes and a small amount of heterogeneous composite inclusions of Al2O3, Mg-Al-O, Ca-Ti-O and TiN. After adding yttrium, inclusions in the steel are mainly small-size TiN and part complex inclusions with TiN wrapping around Y2O3 and Y2O2S. With the increase of yttrium content in steel, the total content of inclusions in steel increases first and then decreases, and the average diameter of inclusions decreases first and then increases. With the increase of yttrium content in the steel, the modification path of oxide inclusions is MgAl2O4-CaO-TiOx → MgAl2O4-Y2O3-(CaO-) TiOx→Y2O3-TiOx→Y2O3-Y2O2S as well as Y2O3 and Y2O2S. The number density and area fraction of TiN inclusions in the experimental steel first increases and then decreases, and the average diameter first decreases and then increases. Due to the addition of yttrium, the number of TiN inclusions with small size less than 4 μm in the steel increases, but when the amount of yttrium is too high, the refinement of TiN inclusions decreases. Besides, when the mass percent of yttrium in steel is 0.007 0%, 0.014 0%, the size of TiN is obviously refined and the number of large-size TiN decreases remarkably.
张静, 马宏博, 张继, 张立峰. 钇含量对铝脱氧含钛不锈钢中夹杂物的影响[J]. 钢铁, 2022, 57(9): 82-94.
ZHANG Jing, MA Hong-bo, ZHANG Ji, ZHANG Li-feng. Effect of yttrium content on inclusions in Al-killed titanium-bearing stainless steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2022, 57(9): 82-94.
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