Progress and exploration of NOx emission reduction in sintering flue gas
ZHAO Xin-feng1, QI Xi-wei1, ZHANG Zun-qian1, YANG Ai-min2, YANG Qiang1, LI Jie1
1. College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; 2. College of Science, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China
Abstract：Iron ore sintering is an important part of the production of iron and steel industry,and it is also the main source of NOx pollutants in the atmosphere. As people's requirements for the atmospheric environment getting higher and higher, and flue gas emission standards becoming more and more stringent, how to remove NOx from sintering flue gas efficiently and at low cost have become a huge challenge for iron and steel enterprises. This paper firstly introduces the emission law and current situation of NOx in flue gas during sintering process,and then starts from the formation mechanism of NOx in flue gas,deeply analyzes the redox mechanism of N in coal pyrolysis and combustion,expounds the influence of temperature,oxygen and some metals in the transformation process of N. Combining with the physical and chemical properties of NOx,the various treatment methods corresponding to the oxidation/reduction two routes are introduced,and the various source,end and process flue gas treatment methods developed according to these two paths at these routes are introduced too. At the same time,Combining different denitration paths,the SCR catalytic reduction,catalytic oxidation mechanism and catalytic mechanism of calcium ferrite are deeply analyzed,the recent research progress of various NOx emission reduction measures is comprehensively summarized and contrasted. Among them,calcium ferrite catalytic denitrification shows great potential due to its low cost,remarkable denitrification effect and no new gas and solid pollutants. Finally,according to the new national ultra-low emission requirements and present situation of sintering production in iron and steel enterprises,this paper point out the research challenges faced by the efficient denitrification and current economic,and prospect the application prospect and development direction of calcium ferrite catalytic denitrification.
赵欣锋, 齐西伟, 张遵乾, 杨爱民, 杨强, 李杰. 烧结烟气中NOx减排进展[J]. 钢铁, 2022, 57(11): 175-189.
ZHAO Xin-feng, QI Xi-wei, ZHANG Zun-qian, YANG Ai-min, YANG Qiang, LI Jie. Progress and exploration of NOx emission reduction in sintering flue gas[J]. Iron and Steel, 2022, 57(11): 175-189.
[1] Abian M, Peribanez E, Millera A,et al. Impact of nitrogen oxides (NO,NO2,N2O) on the formation of soot[J]. Combustion and Flame,2014(161):280. [2] LI X,BEI N,Hu B,et al. Mitigating NOx emissions does not help alleviate wintertime particulate pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China[J]. Environmental Pollution,2021,279(18):116931. [3] Mousa E,Senk D,Babich A. Reduction of pellets-nut coke mixture under simulating blast furnace conditions[J]. Steel Research International, 2010(81):706 [4] 汤铃,贾敏,伯鑫,等. 中国钢铁行业排放清单及大气环境影响研究[J]. 中国环境科学,2020,40(4):1493.(TANG Ling,JIA Min,BO Xin,et al. High resolution emission inventory and atmospheric environmental impact research in Chinese iron and steel industry[J]. China Environmental Science,2020,40(4):1493.) [5] 张威力,吴胜利,胡中杰. 活性焦法烧结烟气脱硝率影响因素解析[J]. 钢铁,2020,55(5):109.(ZHANG Wei-li,WU Sheng-li,HU Zhong-jie. Analysis of affecting factors of activated coke denitration efficiency for sintering flue gas[J]. Iron and Steel,2020,55(5):109.) [6] YU Zhi-yuan,FAN Xiao-hui,GAN Min,et al. NOx reduction in the iron ore sintering process with flue gas recirculation[J]. JOM,2017,69(9): 1570. [7] 龙红明,丁龙,钱立新,等 .烧结烟气中NOx和二噁英的减排现状及发展趋势[J/OL].化工进展:1. DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1650.(LONG Hong-ming,DING Long,QIAN Li-xin,et al. Current situation and development trend of NOx and dioxins emission reduction in sintering flue gas[J/OL]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress:1. DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1650.) [8] ZHOU H,MA P,LAI Z,et al. Harmless treatment of waste selective catalytic reduction catalysts during iron ore sintering process[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2020,275:122954. [9] Ohno K,Noda K,Nishioka K,et al. Effect of coke combustion rate equation on numerical simulation of temperature distribution in iron ore sintering process[J]. ISIJ International,2013,53(9):1642. [10] 朱廷钰,刘青,李玉然,等.钢铁烧结烟气多污染物的排放特征及控制技术[J]. 科技导报,2014,32(33):51.(ZHU Ting-yu,LIU Qing,LI Yu-ran,et al. Emission characteristics of multiple pollutants from iron-steel sintering flue gas and review of control technologies[J].Science and Technology Review,2014,32(33):51.) [11] 周昊,邢裕健,周明熙,等. 生物质替代焦粉铁矿石烧结过程中的碱金属迁移行为[J]. 工程科学学报,2021,43(3):376.(ZHOU Hao,XING Yu-jian,ZHOU Ming-xi,et al. Migration behavior of alkali metals in an iron ore sintering process with the substitution of biomass for coke breeze[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering,2021,43(3):376.) [12] 陈彦广,郭占成,王志. 烧结过程中CO还原NO的模拟研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报,2009,21(1):6.(CHEN Yan-guang,GUO Zhan-cheng,WANG Zhi. Simulation of NO reduction by CO in sintering process[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2009,21(1):6.) [13] 刘文强,李杰,朱金伟,等. 配碳量对烧结烟气排放规律的影响[J]. 烧结球团,2020,45(1):61.(LIU Wen-qiang,LI Jie,ZHU Jin-wei,et al. Effect of carbon addition on emission of sintering flue gas[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,2020,45(1):61.) [14] Hida Y,Sasaki M,Ito K. Consideration on the CO and NO formation around the coke specimen during combustion[J]. Tetsu-to-Hagane,2009,66(13):1801. [15] 于恒. 铁矿烧结烟气循环中SO2和NOx过程控制与节能减排的协同优化[D]. 沈阳:东北大学,2016.(YU Heng. Cooperative Optimization of Flue Gas Recycling in Iron Ore Sintering for Energy Saving and Emissions Reduction with Process Control of SO2 and NOx[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2016.) [16] 王锋,张俊,郄俊懋,等. 烧结机风箱中烟气排放规律及分析[J]. 钢铁,2019,54(6):96.(WANG Feng,ZHANG Jun,QIE Jun-mao,et al. Emission law and analysis of flue gas in sinter wind boxes[J]. Iron and Steel,2019,54(6):96.) [17] FAN Xiao-hui.,WANG Guo-jing,GAN Min,et al. Establishment of refined sintering flue gas recirculation patterns for gas pollutant reduction and waste heat recycling[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2019,235:1549. [18] HU H,HUANG H,ZENG Z W,et al. The formation of NOx during sintering[J]. Energy Sources,Part A:Recovery,Utilization,and Environmental Effects,2017,39(12):1228. [19] LI Chao-qun,HAN Qing-zhen,ZHU Ting-yu,et al. Catalytic NO reduction by CO over Ca-Fe oxides in the presence of O2 with sintering flue gas circulation[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,2020,59(47):20624. [20] 周浩宇,范晓慧,李谦,等.氢系气体喷吹对烧结污染物释放的影响规律[J]. 东北大学学报(自然科学版),2021,42(2):260.(ZHOU Hao-yu,FAN Xiao-hui,LI Qian,et al. Effects of hydrogen-based gas injection on the release of typical pollutants in the sintering process[J]. Journal of North eastern University(Natural Science),2021,42(2):260.) [21] 苏亚欣,毛玉茹,徐璋. 燃煤氮氧化物排放控制技术[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2005.(SU Ya-xin,MAO Yu-ru,XU Zhang. The NOx Emission Control Technologies[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.) [22] 阙志刚,吴胜利,艾仙斌,等.固体燃料类型及其燃烧行为对烧结过程NOx排放的影响[J]. 钢铁研究学报,2019,31(6):507.(QUE Zhi-gang,WU Sheng-li,AI Xian-bin,et al. Effects of types and combustion behavior of solid fuels on NOx emission in sintering process[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research,2019,31(6):507.) [23] LÜ Wei,FAN Xiao-hui,MIN Xiao-bo,et al. Formation of nitrogen mono oxide(NO) during iron ore sintering process[J]. ISIJ International,2018,58(2),236. [24] Hill S,Douglas Smoot L. Modeling of nitrogen oxides formation and destruction in combustion systems[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2000,26(4-6):417. [25] Glarborg P,Jensen A D,Johnsson J E. Fuel nitrogen conversion in solid fuel fired systems[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2003,29:89. [26] Molina A,Murphy J J,Winter F,et al.. Pathways for conversion of char nitrogen to nitric oxide during pulverized coal combustion[J].Combust and Flame,2009,156:574. [27] Morioka K,Inaba S,Shimizu M,et al. Primary application of the "In-Bed-DeNOx" process using Ca-Fe oxides in iron ore sintering machines[J]. ISIJ International,2000,40(3):280. [28] 吕薇. 铁矿烧结过程NOx生成行为及其减排技术[D]. 长沙:中南大学,2014.(LÜ Wei. Formation Behavior and Emission Reduction Technology of NOx in Sintering Process[D]. Changsha:Central South University,2014.) [29] 蒋文举. 烟气脱硫脱硝技术手册[M]. 2版. 北京:化学工业出版社,2012.(JIANG Wen-ju. Technical Manual for Flue Gas Desulfurization and Denitration[M]. 2ed. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2012.) [30] XU M X,LI S Y,WU Y H,et al. Effects of CO2 on the fuel nitrogen conversion during coal rapid pyrolysis[J]. Fuel,2016,184:430. [31] ZHAO Z B,LI W,QIU J S,et al. Catalytic effect of Na-Fe on NO-char reaction and NO emission during coal char combustion[J]. Fuel,2002,81(18),2343. [32] ZHAO Z B,QIU J S,LI W,et al. Influence of mineral matter in coal on decomposition of NO over coal chars and emission of NO during char combustion[J]. Fuel,2003,82(8):949. [33] JIAO T,FAN T,LIU H,et al. A review on nitrogen transformation and conversion during coal pyrolysis and combustion based on quantum chemical calculation and experimental study[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering,2021,35:107. [34] Thomas K M. The release of nitrogen oxides during char combustion[J]. Fuel,1997,76(6):457. [35] Duan L B,Zhao C S,Ren Q Q,et al. NOx precursors evolution during coal heating process in CO2 atmosphere[J]. Fuel,2011,90(4):1668. [36] Tsubouchi N,Ohtsuka Y. Nitrogen chemistry in coal pyrolysis:Catalytic roles of metal cations in secondary reactions of volatile nitrogen and char nitrogen[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,2008,89(4):379. [37] Ohtsuka Y,Xu C B,Kong D P,et al. Decomposition of ammonia with iron and calcium catalysts supported on coal chars[J]. Fuel,2004,83(6):685. [38] Molina A,Eddings E G, Pershing D W,et al. Char nitrogen conversion:Implications to emissions from coal-fired utility boilers[J]. Progress in Energy and Combust Science,2000,26(4-6):507. [39] ZHANG X X,ZHOU Z J,ZHOU J H,et al. Analysis of the reaction between O2and nitrogen-containing char using the density functional theory[J]. Energy Fuels,2011,25(2):670. [40] Pevida C,Arenillas A,Rubiera F,et al. Synthetic coal chars for the elucidation of NO heterogeneous reduction mechanisms[J]. Fuel,2003,86(1/2):41. [41] ZHAO Z B,LI W,QIU J S,et al. Effect of Na,Ca and Fe on the evolution of nitrogen species during pyrolysis and combustion of model chars[J]. Fuel,2003,82(15-17):1839. [42] Yang J,Mestl G,Herein D,et al. Reaction of NO with carbonaceous materials:2. Effect of oxygen on the reaction of NO with ashless carbon black[J]. Carbon,2000,38(5):729. [43] Suzuki T,Kyotani T,Tomita A. Study on the carbon-nitric oxide reaction in the presence of oxygen[J]. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research,1994,33(11):2840. [44] GONG Z.J,WU W F,ZHAO Z W,et al. Combination of catalytic combustion and catalytic denitration on semi-coke with Fe2O3 and CeO2[J]. Catalysis Today,2018,318:59. [45] Wang Y X,Makkee M. The influence of CO2 on NO reduction into N2 over reduced ceria-based catalyst[J]. Applied Catalysis B—Environmental,2018,221:196. [46] CHEN Y G,GUO Z C,WANG Z. Influence of CeO2 on NOx emission during iron ore sintering[J]. Fuel Process Technology,2009,90(7/8):933. [47] Skreiberg O,Kilpinen P,Glarborg P. Ammonia chemistry below 1400K under fuel-rich conditions in a flow reactor[J]. Combustion and Flame,2004,136(4):501. [48] 张洪亮,施琦,龙红明,等. 烧结烟气中氮氧化物脱除工艺分析[J]. 钢铁,2017,52(5):100.(ZHANG Hong-liang,SHI Qi,LONG Hong-ming,et al. Analysis of NOx removal process in sintering flue gas[J]. Iron and Steel,2017,52(5):100.) [49] 苏玉栋,李咸伟,范晓慧. 烧结过程中 NOx减排技术研究进展[J]. 烧结球团,2013,38(6):41.(SU Yu-dong,LI Xian-wei FAN Xiao-hui. Research progress of NOx reduction technology in sintering process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2013,38(6):41.) [50] LONG H M,LI J.X,WANG P,et al. Emission reduction of dioxin in iron ore sintering process by adding urea as inhibitor[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2011,38:258. [51] GAN Min, FAN Xiao-hui,CHEN Xu-ling,et al. Reduction of pollutant emission in iron ore sintering process by applying biomass fuels[J]. ISIJ International,2012,52:1574. [52] 阙志刚,吴胜利,王金生,等. 无烟煤代替焦粉燃烧行为及对烧结NOx排放的影响[J]. 钢铁,2019,54(10):23.(QUE Zhi-gang,WU Sheng-li,WANG Jin-sheng,et al. Combustion behavior of anthracite substituting for coke and its effects on NOx emission in sintering process[J].Iron and Steel,2019,54(10):23.) [53] 于宏兵,王通,于晗,等. 烧结燃料清洁化对NOx减排影响的中试试验[J]. 中国冶金,2021,31(1):86.(YU Hong-bing,WANG Tong,YU Han,et al. Experimental study on influence of sintering fuel optimization on NOx emission reduction[J]. China Metallurgy,2021,31(1):86.) [54] Spliethoff H,Hein K R G. Effect of co-combustion of biomass on emissions in pulverized fuel furnaces[J]. Fuel Processing Technology,1998,54(1-3):189. [55] Kawaguchi T,Hara M. Utilization of biomass for iron ore sintering[J]. ISIJ International,2013,53:1599. [56] WANG Zhao-cai,ZHOU Zhi-an,GAN Min,et al. Process control technology of low NOx sintering based on coke pretreatment[J]. Journal of Central South University,2020,27(2):469. [57] Lovel R,Vining K R,Amico M D. Iron ore sintering with charcoal[J]. Miner Process Extract Metallurgy,2013,116:85. [58] Zandi M,Martinez P M,Fray T A T. Biomass for iron ore sintering[J]. Minerals Engineering,2010,23(14):1139. [59] GAN Min,JI Zhi-yun,FAN Xiao-hui,et al. Insight into the high proportion application of biomass fuel in iron ore sintering through CO-containing flue gas recirculation[J]. Journal of Cleaner Production,2019,232:1335. [60] CHENG Zhi-long,YANG Jian,ZHOU Lang,et al. Characteristics of charcoal combustion and its effects on iron-ore sintering performance[J]. Applied Energy,2016,161(1):364. [61] GAN Min,FAN Xiao-hui,LÜ Wei,et al. Fuel pre-granulation for reducing NOx emissions from the iron ore sintering process[J]. Powder Technology,2016,301:478. [62] SUN Fei,GAO Ji-hui,ZHU Yu-wen,et al. Adsorption of SO2 by typical carbonaceous material:A comparative study of carbon nanotubes and activated carbons[J]. Adsorption-Journal of the International Adsorption Society,2013,19(5):959. [63] YAN Zheng,LIU Li-li,ZHANG Yue-ling,et al. Activated semi-coke in SO2 removal from flue gas:Selection of activation methodology and desulfurization mechanism study[J]. Energy and Fuels,2013,27(6):3080. [64] 汪庆国,朱彤,李勇. 宝钢烧结烟气活性炭净化工艺和装备[J]. 钢铁,2018,53(3):87.(WANG Qing-guo,ZHU Tong,LI Yong. Sintering flue gas purifying process and equipment by use of activated coke in Baosteel[J]. Iron and Steel,2018,53(3):87.) [65] 韩健,阎占海,邵久刚. 逆流式活性炭烟气脱硫脱硝技术特点及应用[J]. 烧结球团,2018,43(6):13.(HAN Jian,YAN Zhan-hai,SHAO Jiu-gang. Technical characteristics of counter flow active carbon-flue gas desulphurization and denitrification process and its application[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2018,43(6):13.) [66] Deshwal B R,Lee S H,Jung J H,et al. Study on the removal of NOx from simulated flue gas using acidic NaClO2 solution[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20(1):33. [67] SriramValluri S,Komar Kawatra. Simultaneous removal of CO2,NOx and SOx using single stage absorption column[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences,2021(103):279. [68] LIU Ying-shu,YOU Yang,LI Zi-yi,et al. NOx removal with efficient recycling of NO2 from iron-ore sintering flue gas:A novel cyclic adsorption process[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2021(407):124380. [69] JI Zhi-yun,FAN Xiao-hui,GAN Min,et al. Analysis of commercial activated carbon controlling ultra-fined particulate emissions from iron ore sintering process[J]. ISIJ International,2018,58(7):1204. [70] HONG Zhe,WANG Zhong,LI Xue-bing. Catalytic oxidation of nitric oxide(NO) over different catalysts:An overview[J]. Catalysis Science and Technology,2017,7(16):3440. [71] 周杨,李彩亭,喻明娥,等. 臭氧应用于烟气净化的研究进展[J]. 环境化学,2015,34(6):1116.(ZHOU Yang,LI Cai-ting,YU Ming-e,et al. Research progress of ozone application in flue gas purification[J]. Environmental Chemistry,2015,34(6):1116.) [72] LI Lan-dong,QU Ling-ling,CHENG Jie,et al. Oxidation of nitric oxide to nitrogen dioxide over Ru catalysts[J]. Applied Catalysis B:Environmental,2009,88:224. [73] WANG Zhi-hua,LIN Fa-wei,JIANG Shu-dong,et al. Ceria substrate-oxide composites as catalyst for highly efficient catalytic oxidation of NO by O2[J]. Fuel,2016,166:352. [74] LI Lan-dong,SHEN Qun,CHENG Jie,et al. Catalytic oxidation of NO over TiO2 supported platinum clusters. II:Mechanism study by in situ FTIR spectra[J]. Catalysis Today,2010,158:361. [75] WANG Jun,SU Yu-geng,WANG Xin-quan,et al. The effect of partial substitution of Co in LaMnO3synthesized by sol-gel methods for NO oxidation[J]. Catalysis Communications,2012,25:106. [76] Rathore R S,Srivastava D K,Agarwal A K,et al. Development of surface functionalized activated carbon fiber for control of NO and particulate matter[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173:211. [77] PAN Si-wei,LUO Hong-cheng,LI Li,et al. H2O and SO2 deactivation mechanism of MnOx/MWCNTs for low-temperature SCR of NOx with NH3[J]. Journal of Molecular Catalysis A:Chemical,2013,377:154. [78] LI Kai,TANG Xiao-long,YI Hong-hong,et al. Low-temperature catalytic oxidation of NO over Mn-Co-Ce-Oxcatalyst[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,192:99. [79] 孙东,梁春明. 烧结烟气SCR脱硝技术的应用实践[J]. 山东冶金,2020,42(3):52.(SUN Dong,LIANG Chun-ming. Application of SCR denitration technology for sintered flue gas[J]. Shandong Metallurgy,2020,42(3):52.) [80] 赵利明,陈海波. SCR烟气脱硝技术在宝钢股份4号烧结机的应用[J]. 烧结球团,2018,43(6):24.(ZHAO Li-ming,CHEN Hai-bo. Application of SCR flue gas denitrification technology in No.4 sinter machine of Baosteel Co.,Ltd.[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2018,43(6):24.) [81] 张兴宇. 吸附-还原解耦的一氧化碳脱硝特性研究[D]. 济南:山东大学,2019.(ZHANG Xing-yu. Investigation on Removal Characteristics of NOx by CO Based on Adsorption-Reduction Decoupling Method[D]. Jinan:Shandong University,2019.) [82] PAN Yue-peng,TIAN Shi-li,LIU Dong-wei,et al. Source apportionment of aerosol ammonium in an ammonia-rich atmosphere:An isotopic study of summer clean and hazy days in urban Beijing[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmosphere,2018,123(10):5681. [83] GAN Min,JI Zhi-yun,FAN Xiao-hui,et al. Clean recycle and utilization of hazardous iron-bearing waste in iron ore sintering process[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials,2018,353(5):381. [84] 潘文,赵民革,张志东,等. 烧结高温烟气循环工艺提质减排机理研究[J].烧结球团,2018,43(8):59.(PAN Wen,ZHAO Min-ge,ZHANG Zhi-dong,et al. Mechanism research on quality improvement and emission reduction of high temperature sintering flue gas recycling process[J]. Sintering and Pelletizing,2018,43(8):59.) [85] 龙红明,王毅璠,伍英,等. 面向污染物减排的烧结烟气循环研究与应用进展[J]. 鞍钢技术,2020(1):9.(LONG Hong-ming,WANG Yi-fan,WU Ying,et al. Study on sintering flue gas for recycling of pollutants aimed at emission reduction and progress of applications[J]. Angang Technology,2020(1):9.) [86] ZHOU Hao,MA Peng-nan,ZHOU Ming-xi,et al. Experimental investigation on the conversion of fuel-N to NOx of quasi-particle in flue gas recirculation sintering process[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute,2019,92(5):1476. [87] Taira K. NOx emission profile determined by in-situ gas monitoring of iron ore sintering during packed-bed coke combustion[J]. Fuel,2019,236:244. [88] ZHOU Hao,ZHOU Ming-xi,LIU Zi-hao,et al. Modeling NOxemission of coke combustion in iron ore sintering process and its experimental validation[J]. Fuel,2016,179:322. [89] FAN Xiao-hui,YU Zhi-yuan,GAN Min,et al. Elimination behaviors of NOx in the sintering process with flue gas recirculation[J]. ISIJ International,2015,55(10):2074. [90] 吴胜利,阙志刚,艾仙斌. 基于调控含钙化合物反应行为的烧结过程NOx减排研究进展[J]. 钢铁,2020,55(3):1.(WU Sheng-li,QUE Zhi-gang,AI Xian-bin. Research process on regulating reaction behaviors of calcium-containing compounds for reducing NOx emission in sintering process[J]. Iron and Steel,2020,55(3):1.) [91] CHEN Wang-sheng,LUO Ling,QIN Lin-bo,et al. Selective autocatalytic reduction of NO from sintering flue gas by the hot sintered ore in the presence of NH3[J]. Journal of Environmental Management,2015,164:146. [92] GAN Min,FAN Xiao-hui,YU Zhi-yuan,et al. A laboratory-based investigation into the catalytic reduction of NOx in iron ore sintering with flue gas recirculation[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2016,43:442. [93] 苏亚欣,苏阿龙,成豪. CO对铁丝网卷还原NO的影响实验研究[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(4):638.(SU Ya-xin,SU A-long,CHENG Hao. Experimental study on the effect of CO on the reduction of NO by wire netting[J]. Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2013,21(4):638.) [94] 吕佳宇,胡丽琳,宋天星,等.铁氧化物在流化床温度和CO气氛下的形态迁移及其对NO催化还原[J]. 化工进展,2020,39(11):4474.(LÜ Jia-yu,HU Li-lin,SONG Tian-xing,et al. Occurrence transformation of iron oxides and their catalytic reduction of NO under fluidized bed temperature and CO[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2020,39(11):4474.) [95] YU Zhi-yuan,FAN Xiao-hui,GAN Min,et al. Effect of Ca-Fe oxides additives on NOx reduction in iron ore sintering[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research,International,2017,24:1184. [96] Katayama K,Kasama S. Influence of lime coating coke on NOx concentration in sintering process[J]. ISIJ International,2016,56:1563. [97] FAN Xiao-hui,YU Zhi-yuan,GAN Min,et al. Mineralisation behaviour of iron ore fines in sintering bed with flue gas recirculation[J]. Ironmaking and Steelmaking,2016,43(9):712. [98] LI Gang,LÜ Xue-wei,ZHENG Zhuang,et al. Effect of preformed calcium ferrite addition on sintering behavior of vanadium titanium magnetite ore[J]. JOM,2021,73:316. [99] Wang X,Westermann A,Shi Y X,et al. Electrochemical removal of NOx on ceria-based catalyst-electrodes[J]. Catalysts,2017,7(2):61. [100]LI Chao-qun,HAN Qing-zhen,ZHU Ting-yu,et al. Radical-dominated reaction of CO-NO on a CaFe2O4 surface in sintering flue gas recirculation[J]. RSC Advances,2020,39(10):23491.
2022, Vol. 57 
