Abstract:At present, China's iron and steel industry is facing multiple pressures such as energy conservation, emission reduction and green development, showing a new form of reduction and innovative development. Before the major breakthrough and large-scale application of non blast furnace ironmaking key technologies, the blast furnace based ironmaking process will remain the dominant position for a period of time. High proportion pellet smelting is the development direction of blast furnace ironmaking in China at present, and it is the inevitable trend for the iron and steel industry to reduce pollution and carbon in the future. In order to further promote the research and development and application of high-proportion pellet technology, starting from the physical and chemical characteristics of pellet, the behavior of pellet in blast furnace was clarified, the factors that restrict the increase of pellet proportion was analyzed, the development direction of blast furnace system design for high-proportion pellet smelting in the future from metallurgical reaction mechanism to engineering practice was summarized, and taking low-carbon green as the premise, resources and energy utilization as the basis Blast furnace design concept supported by intelligent equipment was put forward. By comparing and analyzing various blast furnace types, cooling systems, hearth and bottom design schemes at home and abroad, the advantages of multi-stage furnace body, all cast iron cooling staves, and bell less top of cascade tank in high-proportion pellet smelting are emphatically analyzed. The technical characteristics of ore coke tank, hot blast stove, automatic detection and model control are summarized, and the design suggestions of blast furnace system suitable for high-proportion pellet smelting are given. According to the reaction mechanism of pellet in blast furnace and the influence of operation furnace type on strengthening smelting, the determination method of reasonable charge structure, the best control standard of charge alkalinity, and the operation systems of charging, air supply, tapping, heat, slag, etc were put forward. Finally, through the practice of blast furnace smelting, the progress of technical and economic indicators of high proportion pellet smelting is verified, which lays a foundation for the design and optimization of blast furnace system of high proportion pellet smelting in blast furnace in the future.
王新东. 适应高比例球团冶炼的高炉系统设计与生产实践[J]. 钢铁, 2022, 57(12): 23-31.
WANG Xin-dong. Design and production practice of blast furnace system for high proportion pellet smelting[J]. Iron and Steel, 2022, 57(12): 23-31.
[1] 张福明.低碳高效高炉的设计研究[J].中国冶金,2021,31(11):1.(ZHANG Fu-ming.Research and design on low-carbon and high-efficiency blast furnace[J]. China Metallurgy,2021,31(11):1.) [2] 大型高炉低碳冶炼用优质球团矿开发与应用[J].中国冶金,2021,31(3):140.(Development and application of high quality pellets for low carbon smelting in large blast furnaces[J] China Metallurgy,2021,31(3):140.) [3] 段国建.我国高炉设计及装备的技术进步和创新发展[C]//2017年第三届全国炼铁设备及设计研讨会.北海:中国金属学会,2017:3.(DUAN Guo-jian.Technological progress and innovative development of blast furnace design and equipment in China[C]//Materials of the Third National Iron Making Equipment and Design Seminar in 2017.Beihai:The Chinese Society for Metals,2017:3.) [4] 白凯凯. 熔剂性球团氧化焙烧及冶金行为研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2022.(BAI Kai-kai.Research on Oxidation Roasting and Metallurgical Behaviors of Flux Pellets[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2022.) [5] 王新东,金永龙. 高炉使用高比例球团的战略思考与球团生产的试验研究[J]. 钢铁,2021,56(5):7.(WANG Xin-dong,JIN Yong-long. Strategy analysis and testing study of high ratio of pellet utilized in blast furnace[J]. Iron and Steel,2021,56(5):7.) [6] 赵雪斌,路振毅,唐顺兵.太钢1 800 m3高炉大比例球团生产技术的探讨[J].山西冶金,2021,44(5):43.(ZHAO Xue-bin, LU Zhen-yi,TANG Shun-bing.Discussion on production technology of large proportion pellet in TISCO 1 800 m3 blast furnace[J].Shanxi Metallurgy,2021,44(5):43.) [7] 刘征建,黄建强,张建良,等.高炉高比例球团冶炼技术发展和实践[J].辽宁科技大学学报,2021,44(2):85.(LIU Zheng-jian,HUANG Jian-qiang,ZHANG Jian-liang, et al. Development and practice of high-pellet-proportion smelting technology of blast furnace[J].Journal of University of Science and Technology Liaoning,2021,44(2):85.) [8] 张洪海,任荣霞,赵永彬.2 922 m3高炉高比例球团冶炼工艺实践[J]. 河北冶金,2022(5):44.(ZHANG Hong-hai,REN Rong-xia,ZHAO Yong-bin.Practice of high pellet ratio smelting in 2 922 m3 blast furnace[J].Hebei Metallurgy,2022(5):44.) [9] 周传典.高炉炼铁生产技术手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2002.(ZHOU Chuan-dian. Technical Manual of Blast Furnace Ironmaking[M]. Beijing: Metallurgical Industry Press,2002.) [10] 王新东,李建新,胡启晨.基于高炉炉料结构优化的源头减排技术及应用[J].钢铁,2019,54(12):104.(WANG Xin-dong,LI Jian-xin, HU Qi-chen.Application practice of source and process sulfur-nitrate reduction technology based on optimization of blast furnace charge structure[J]. Iron and Steel,2019,54(12):104.) [11] 韩涛.高比例镁质熔剂性球团炼铁技术现状浅析[J].河南冶金,2020,28(4):5.(HAN Tao.Analysis on present situation of high proportion fluxed pellets ironmaking technology[J].Henan Metallurgy,2020,28(4):5.) [12] 王新东,胡启晨,柏凌.唐钢新区2 922 m3高炉设计特点[J].炼铁,2021,40(3):33.(WANG Xin-dong, HU Qi-chen, BAI Ling. Design characteristics of 2 922 m3 blast furnace in HBIS Group Tangsteel New Region[J]. Ironmaking, 2021,40 (3): 33.) [13] 焦虎丰,王雪峰,牛富军.大比例球团矿在安钢2 800 m3高炉的应用[J].河南冶金,2020,28(5):20.(JIAO Hu-feng, WANG Xue-feng, NIU Fu-jun. Application of large-scale pellets in 2 800 m3blast furnace of Anyang Iron and steel company[J]. Henan Metallurgy, 2020,28 (5): 20.) [14] 李昊堃,郭汉杰,梁建华.太钢球团矿比例增加后对高炉压差的影响及应对措施[J].炼铁,2014,33(3):20.(LI Hao-kun, GUO Han-jie, LIANG Jian-hua. Impact of the increase in the proportion of pelletized ore in TISCO on blast furnace differential pressure and Countermeasures[J]. Ironmaking, 2014,33 (3): 20.) [15] 肖昌豪.国外大型高炉使用球团矿冶炼的基本情况[J].烧结球团,1982(4):52.(XIAO Chang-hao.Basic situation of pellet smelting in foreign large blast furnace[J].Sintering and Pelletizing,1982(4):52.) [16] 刘征建,王家保,张建良,等.高炉能耗现状及降耗技术展望[J/OL].钢铁研究学报:1[2022-11-16].DOI:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1001-0963.20220044.(LIU Zheng-jian, WANG Jia-bao, Zhang Jian-liang, et al. Current situation of blast furnace energy consumption and prospect of consumption reduction technology[J/OL]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research: 1[2022-11-16].DOI:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1001-0963.20220044. [17] 毛庆武,章启夫,李欣,等.特大型高炉使用高比例球团矿技术研究及应用[J].炼铁,2020,39(6):1.(MAO Qing-wu, ZHANG Qi-fu, LI Xin, et al. Research and application of high proportion pellet technology in super large blast furnace[J].Ironmaking, 2020,39 (6): 1.) [18] 皮晓东,孙权,罗果萍,等.球团矿还原膨胀机理研究概况[J].烧结球团,2017,42(4):28.(PI Xiao-dong, SUN Quan, LUO Guo-ping, et al. Research overview of pellet reduction expansion mechanism[J]. Sintered Pellets, 2017,42 (4): 28.) [19] 沙永志,马丁戈德斯,宋阳升.我国高炉使用高比例球团生产技术经济分析[C]//第十二届中国钢铁年会论文集.北京:冶金工业出版社,2019:1.(Sha Yong-zhi, Martin Goldes, Song Yang-sheng. Technical and economic analysis of China's blast furnace production using high proportion pellets[C]//Proceedings of the 12th China Iron and Steel Annual Conference.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2019:1.) [20] 刘树振.高炉炉型计算[J].武钢技术,1988(6):15.(LIU Shu-zhen. Calculation of blast furnace profile[J]. Wuhan Iron and Steel Technology,1988(6):15.) [21] 滕召杰,王凯,陈建,等.首钢京唐3号高炉高比例球团矿冶炼实践[J].炼铁,2021,40(4):29.(TENG Zhao-jie, WANG Kai, CHEN Jian, et al. Smelting practice of high proportion pellets in Jingtang No. 3 blast furnace of Shougang[J]. Ironmaking, 2021,40 (4): 29.) [22] 王春龙,全强,祁四清,等.高比例球团高炉设计研究[C]//2019年全国高炉炼铁学术年会摘要集.贵阳:中国金属学会,2019:64.(WANG Chun-long, QUAN Qiang, QI Si-qing, et al. Research on design of high proportion pellet blast furnace[C]//Summary of 2019 National Blast Furnace Ironmaking Academic Annual Meeting.Guizhou:The Chinese Society for Metals, 2019:64.) [23] 王新东,胡小东,胡启晨.河钢唐钢新区760 m2带式焙烧机设计特点[J].河北冶金,2021(8):31.(WANG Xin-dong, HU Xiao-dong, HU Qi-chen. Design characteristics of 760 m2 belt roaster in HBIS Group Tangsteel New Region[J]. Hebei Metallurgy, 2021 (8): 31.) [24] 魏红超,雷鸣,杜屏,等.高炉炉缸死铁层深度优化设计[J].钢铁,2021,56(4):24.(WEI Hong-chao, LEI Ming, DU Ping, et al. Optimization design of dead iron layer depth of blast furnace hearth[J].Iron and Steel, 2021,56 (4): 24.) [25] 梁利生.宝钢3号高炉长寿技术的研究[D].沈阳:东北大学,2012.(LIANG Li-sheng.Study on the Long-Campaign Technology of Baosteel No.3 BF[D].Shenyang:Northeastern University,2012.) [26] 王新东,张弛,孙宇佳,等.河钢唐钢新区绿色制造技术应用实践[J].环境工程,2022,40(7):179.(WANG Xin-dong, ZHANG Chi, SUN Yu-jia, et al. Application practice of green manufacturing technology in HBIS Group Tangsteel New Region[J]. Environmental Engineering,2022,40(7):179.) [27] 许满兴,张玉兰.新世纪我国球团矿生产技术现状及发展趋势[J].烧结球团,2017,42(2):25.(XU Man-xing, ZHANG Yu-lan. Current situation and development trend of pellet production technology in China in the new century[J]. Sintered Pellets, 2017,42 (2): 25.) [28] 张文强,肖洪,高冰,等.唐钢1号高炉高比例球团矿冶炼工业试验[J].炼铁,2019,38(2):13.(ZHANG Wen-qiang, XIAO Hong, GAO Bing, et al.Commercial test of high-rate pellet smelting in Tangstan Steel's No.1 BF[J].Ironmaking,2019,38(2):13.) [29] 张洪海,任荣霞,赵永彬.2 922 m3高炉高比例球团冶炼工艺实践[J].河北冶金,2022(5):44.(ZHANG Hong-hai,REN Rong-xia, ZHAO Yong-bin.Practice of high pellet ratio smelting in 2 922 m3 blast furnace[J].Hebei Metallurgy,2022(5):44.) [30] 王建同.某公司2 500 m3高炉大修改造技术特点[J].天津冶金,2021(5):1.(WANG Jian-tong.Overhaul and transformation technical feature of 2 500 m3 blast furnace in a company[J].Tianjin Metallurgy,2021(5):1.) [31] 张培峰. 高球团比生产的操作制度优化探讨[C]//第十一届中国钢铁年会论文集.北京:冶金工业出版社,2017:165.(ZHANG Pei-feng. Discussion on optimization of operation system for high pellet ratio production[C]//Proceedings of the 11th China Iron and Steel Annual Conference.Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2017:165.) [32] 冷长明,姜鑫,薛庆斌,等.高比例酸性炉料对高炉操作的影响及应对措施[J].钢铁,2022,57(7):16.(LENG Chang-ming,JIANG Xin,XUE Qing-bin,et al. Effects of high proportion of acid burden on blast furnace operation and its counter measure[J].Iron and Steel,2022,57(7):16.) [33] 李乃尧,张建良,刘兴乐,等.MgO、TiO2对镁质钒钛球团矿综合冶金性能的影响[J].钢铁,2017,52(7):14.(LI Nai-yao,ZHANG Jian-liang,LIU Xing-le,et al.Effects of MgO and TiO2 on comprehensive metallurgical properties of magnesia vanadium titanium pellets[J].Iron and Steel,2017,52(7):14.)