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2014 Vol. 49 No. 7
Published: 2014-07-15
30
YANG Chun-zheng
Operation Practice of the New Steel Production Process
According to the ?Metallurgical Process Engineering?, it was described that the new steel production process feature about Process Capability matching, compact plant layout, smooth material flow, dynamic orderly running, high-efficiency energy sources utilizing and resources recycling. Referring to the plant construction and operation practice, centering on the new process three functions of product manufacturing, energy conversion and society waste treatment, this presentation introduced related cell technologies, interface technologies and the running results. By the full and accurate data the article showed the evidence, for Caofeidian new steel production process ,that the cell technology run well, the interface technology are Efficient and reliable and further more the integration advantage of the total process are beginning to appear. By the end of this paper, author explored the emphasis optimization aspects of the new process.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 30-40 [
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GAO Jian-jun, ZHANG Ying-yi, QI Yuan-hong, XU Hai-chuan, SHI Xue-feng
Energy Consumption Analysis on Blast Furnace Ironmaking Process Using Pre-Reduced Burden
Mathematical model of blast furnace ironmaking process using pre-reduced burden was established . The iron grade of raw material , metallization rate of pre-reduced iron ore and combined form of iron effect on energy consumption of blast furnace was calculated. Energy consumption of blast furnace ironmaking using pre-reduced burden between traditional blast furnace was compared. The results show that according to different iron grade of raw material, there is a suitable metallization rate of pre-reduced burden, make the lowest coke ratio of blast furnace smelting. If the iron in the pre-reduced burden is in the form of iron silicate, the blast furnace coke ratio is high because iron silicate direct reduction is strongly endothermic reaction. Blast furnace ironmaking process using pre-reduced burden can greatly reduce coke ratio, but increase fuel consumption.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 61-65 [
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TANG Jing-kun, GUO Lei, GUO Zhan-cheng
Changes of Hot Compressive Strength of Iron Ore Pellets During Reduction Process and Mechanism
In order to research the compressive strength of pellets in blast furnace, pellets were tested in a neutral and reducing atmosphere at different temperatures and reduction degrees by using self-designed and manufactured high-temperature strength and creep solid materials online tester. The results show that: in neutral atmosphere, when the temperature reaches 1 000 ℃, the compressive strength is over 2 750 N. With the temperature increasing, there is a sharp decline on the compressive strength; in reducing atmosphere, there is a significant strength decrease between the initial reduced pellets than the pellets in neutral atmosphere at same temperature. When the temperature is up to 900 ℃, the strength is only 1 250 N and the fragment pellets are more likely powdering. The microstructure analysis indicates that the growth of lattice, the new iron with increased porosity and cracks, and the weakness of particle bonding cause the decrease of compressive strength.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 66-71 [
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HAO Xin, WANG Xin-hua, HUANG Fu-xiang, YANG Guang-wei, ZHAO He-ming
High Efficient Desulfurization Refining Process of LF-VD
Nine heats of industrial trials were performed to investigate the desulfurization effectiveness of LF-VD refining process. The influence of slag composition and operating parameters on desulfurization was studied by analysis of sulfur content in steel and slag composition during production of plate steel by BOF-LF-VD and KR-BOF-LF-VD process. The results show that mass percent of sulfur in steel can be decreased to below 20×10-6 from 200×10-6 at the end of BOF refining with suitable refining slag. The highest sulfur distribution close to 500 can be achieved with [w((MgO))]=4%-7%、[w((SiO2))]=7%-11%，[w((CaO))/[w((Al2O3))+w((SiO2))]]=1.62 slag. VD refining can realize further desulfurization than LF refining because of better molten steel bath stirring.The present results are considered to be useful in optimizing secondary refining desulfurization process during plate steel production.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 72-75 [
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CHEN Chun-mei, CHEN Deng-fu, DONG Zhi-hua, LONG Mu-jun, SHEN Jia-long, XU Song
Secondary Cooling Scheme for Continuous Casting Round Billet of 16MnNb Steel
The heat transfer model for solidification of continuous casting billet has been established, based on a round caster in a steel plant. The simulation and optimization were carried out at different drawing speeds when continuous casting billet with diameter of 280 mm was in secondary cooling process. Suitable secondary cooling scheme of 16MnNb steel was determined. When the drawing speed is the minimum of 0.9 m/min, the inner arc surface temperature of billet is 947 ℃ at straightening point, which can effectively avoid the secondary low ductile zone. When the round billet comes out of mould at the maximum drawing speed (1.2 m/min), the thickness of the solidified shell is 19 mm. Some problems such as breakout hardly happen. The section temperature is uniformly distributed under different drawing speed conditions. The macro inspecting indicates that the round billet surface and internal quality are good. Crack and contraction cavities and other defects were not found.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 76-81 [
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ZHANG Hua-zhi, SUN Deng-yue, XU Shi-min, LI Hai-long, DONG Yu-jie
A New Contour of the Backup Roll of 5 000 mm Wide Plate Mill
In accordance with the uniform principles of contact stress, this article proposes a new back-up roll contour through considering several existing back-up roll contours; it also establishes a 3-D finite element rolling model by using the finite element software ABAQUS and changing the rolling parameters to analyze the stress field, bending deformation and plate shape of the new contour and the existing contours and got the minimum contact stress distribution of roll shape curve. We estimate the fatigue life of the new and the existing contour back-up roll by using a local stress-strain method and FE-SAFE fatigue analysis software with the results of the finite element stress analysis. The result of fatigue life estimation proves that the new contour of back-up roll can effectively improve the service life of back-up rolls.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 82-87 [
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HUANG Hua-gui, SHI Ying-qin, REN Xin-yi, DU Feng-shan
Influence of Initial Crown of Work Roll on Strip Shape Adjusting Performance of Ultra-Wide 6-h CVC Mill
Aiming at the 6-h CVC mill of a 2 230 mm cold continuous rolling mill in some domestic plant, the influences of initial crown of work roll on loaded roll gap profile and contact pressure distribution between rolls under the roll bending and shifting were investigated with three-dimensional nonlinear finite element method. The numerical simulation results show that when the work roll profile is parabolic type with initial crown of 0-75 μm, the adjusting range of roll crown shifts but its area remains unchanged. And the peak value and unevenness of the contact pressure between rolls are a little improved with increasing the initial crown of work roll, which is beneficial for reducing the roll abrasion. In addition, the adjusting range of roll crown under different strip widths was investigated, and the results show that 6-h CVC has a higher performance in strip shape adjusting for width strip than for narrow strip. It also provides theoretical foundation for the rolling mill type selection in wide thin strip cold rolling.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 88-93 [
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LIU Qing-suo, YUAN Lian-jie, GAO Bin, YANG Wei-wei, MENG Liang
Effect of Austenitizing Temperature on the Bainitic Transformation Behaviour in the High-Carbon Silicon Steel
The influence of austenitization temperature on the incubation period and the bainitic phase transformation behaviour in high-carbon silicon steel has been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructure characteristics of the isothermal transformation (240 ℃, 20 min) products were also studied. It was found that the nose temperature of bainite transformation and incubation period decreased with the increasing austenitizing temperature. After isothermal heat treatment at 240 ℃ for 20 min, all samples were austenitized at different temperatures produced a bainitic structure, which consisted of packets of parallel ferrite laths. However, notable differences in sub-structure were found among these samples. When it was austenitized at lower temperature, the major difference lied in the edge boundary morphology. Bainitic laths formed in low-temperature austenitizing conditions had sharp saw-tooth edge boundaries, whereas bainite transformed from high-temperature austenitizing conditions had smooth wedge boundaries. The observed bainite packets did not possess the twin substructure of quenched martensite and its corresponding strain accommodation microstructure. The formation of packet bainitic structures investigated in this study cannot be simply explained by martensitic displacive transformation mechanism. Further research is required to clarify the baintic transformation mechanism.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 94-100 [
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LI Bo， ZHU Guo-ming， TAO Gong-ming， KANG Yong-lin
Effect of Online Slacking-Quench on the Microstructure and Properties of U75V Rail
In order to further get the effects and mechanisms of the online slacking-quench on microstructures and mechanical properties of U75V rail, the microstructures of the whole section of the hot rolled and slacking-quench on line rail was observed using scanning electronic microscope, and the effect of on-line slacking-quench on the mechanical properties of U75V rail was compared and analyzed using Vicker’s indentation test machine and tensile testing machine. The results show that the microstructure of the whole section of the rail was lamellae pearlite in both on-line slacking-quench and hot rolling; but the pearlite interlamellar spacing after online slacking-quench was distinctly refined. The pearlite interlamellar spacing of the hot rolled rail was about 0.113 μm to 0.284 μm, while that of the slacking-quench rail was about 0.076 μm to 0.148 μm. The microhardness of the whole section of the hot rolled rail had little difference, while the slacking-quench rail microhardness was much higher. Moreover, the mechanical properties of U75V rail had been improved effectively by on-line slacking-quench; and the rail tensile strength and elongation increased by 16.6% and 20% compared that of hot-rolled rail, respectively.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 101-106 [
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HUANG Shun-zhe, LI Yong, WANG Chun-xu , HAN Shun, LIU Xian-min, TIAN Zhi-ling
Establishment and Analysis of Processing Map for 9310 Steel Under Flow Instability Criteria of Prasad and Murthy
Hot compression tests of 9310 steel were conducted on a Gleeble-3800 thermal simulating tester at the temperature range of 900-1 200 ℃. Based on the theory of dynamic material model (DMM), the processing map of 9310 steel was established under flow instability criteria of Prasad and Murthy, and thermal processing parameters were analyzed considering with microstructures during deformation. The results indicate that the stability function [ξ(ε·)]is greater than 0 under the present deformation conditions; deformation conditions of 950-1 050 ℃ with 0.01-0.1 s-1 would be the best, and the rate of power dissipation in this region is greater than 32%; when the rate of power dissipation is constant, the deformation temperature will play a dominant role on the dynamic recrystallization grains, meanwhile, when the deformation temperature is constant, the greater strain rate could incite finer dynamically recrystallized grains.
2014 Vol. 49 (7): 107-113 [
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