1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 3 College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 4 Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
Distribution of nonmetallic inclusions in molten steel under hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation treatment
1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steels, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 2 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 3 College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China 4 Materials Genome Institute, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
摘要 To control the distribution of nonmetallic inclusions in molten steel is of highly commercial importance. A newly developed method, hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation (HPMO), was employed to control nonmetallic inclusions in a medium-carbon steel ingot. The experimental results present that the position of nonmetallic inclusions of spinel (Al–Mg– O) and Mn–S inclusions is significantly influenced by HPMO. The number of nonmetallic inclusions gradually increased from the lateral wall to the center of ingot along the radial direction under the impact of HPMO treatment, whereas this distribution trend cannot be observed in the reference sample without HPMO treatment. In addition, the number of inclusions along vertical direction is proportional to the height of ingot, especially for the inclusions with the size of larger than 10 lm. It indicates that the application of HPMO can push away inclusions from lateral to center, and then the expelled inclusions aggregate and rise up to the top of ingot.
Abstract：To control the distribution of nonmetallic inclusions in molten steel is of highly commercial importance. A newly developed method, hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation (HPMO), was employed to control nonmetallic inclusions in a medium-carbon steel ingot. The experimental results present that the position of nonmetallic inclusions of spinel (Al–Mg– O) and Mn–S inclusions is significantly influenced by HPMO. The number of nonmetallic inclusions gradually increased from the lateral wall to the center of ingot along the radial direction under the impact of HPMO treatment, whereas this distribution trend cannot be observed in the reference sample without HPMO treatment. In addition, the number of inclusions along vertical direction is proportional to the height of ingot, especially for the inclusions with the size of larger than 10 lm. It indicates that the application of HPMO can push away inclusions from lateral to center, and then the expelled inclusions aggregate and rise up to the top of ingot.
LI Hui-Cheng,LIU Shen,LI Ren-Xin, et al. Distribution of nonmetallic inclusions in molten steel under hot-top pulsed magneto-oscillation treatment[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2018, 25(8): 867-876.
[1]
Pak Jong Jin, Jo Jong Oh, Kim Sun In, Kim Wan Yi, Chung Tae In, Seo Seok Min, Park Joo Hyun, Kim Dong Sik.Thermodynamics of titanium and oxygen dissolved in liquid iron equilibrated with titanium oxides[J].ISIJ international 2007, 2007, 47(1):16-24
[2]
Cha Woo Yeoi, Miki Takahiro, Sasaki Yasushi, Hino Misutaka.Identification of titanium oxide phases equilibrated with liquid Fe-Ti alloy based on EBSD [J].ISIJ international 2006, 2006, 46(7):987-995
[3]
Byun J S, Shim J H, Cho Y, Lee Dong Nyung.Non-metallic inclusion and intragranular nucleation of ferrite in Ti-killed C-Mn steel[J].Acta Materialia, 2003, 51(6):1593-1606
[4]
Park Joo Hyun.Formation mechanism of spinel-type inclusions in high-alloyed stainless steel melts[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2007, 38(4):657-663
[5]
Konishi J, Militzer M, Samarasekera I, Brimacombe J.Modeling the formation of longitudinal facial cracks during continuous casting of hypoperitectic steel[J].Metallurgical and materials transactions B, 2002, 33(3):413-423
[6]
Wang Qingyuan, Bathias C, Kawagoishi N, Chen Q.Effect of inclusion on subsurface crack initiation and gigacycle fatigue strength[J].International Journal of Fatigue, 2002, 24(12):1269-1274
[7]
Shim J H, Oh Y J, Suh J Y, Cho Y, Shim J D, Byun J S, Lee D N.Ferrite nucleation potency of non-metallic inclusions in medium carbon steels[J].Acta Materialia, 2001, 49(12):2115-2122
[8]
Sarma D S, Karasev A V, J?nsson P G.On the role of non-metallic inclusions in the nucleation of acicular ferrite in steels[J].ISIJ international 2009, 2009, 49(7):1063-1074
[9]
Qi Jianghua, Xue Zhengliang, Jie Wu, Cheng Changgui, Gao Yyunming.Ti-deoxidized products and formation mechanism of intragranular ferrite in high grade pipeline steels[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, 2010, 17(7):63-67
[10]
Rahnama A, Qin Rongshan.Electropulse-induced microstructural evolution in a ferritic-pearlitic 0.14% C steel[J].Scripta Materialia, 2015, 96:17-20
[11]
Huang Xiaoqing, Thomas B G.Modeling of steel grade transition in continuous slab casting processes[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 1993, 24(2):379-393
[12]
Yue Qiang, Zou Zongshu, Hou Qinfu.Aggregation kinetics of inclusions in swirling flow tundish for continuous casting[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International, 2010, 17(5):6-10
[13]
Zhang Xinfang, Lu Wenjun, Qin Rongshan.Morphology and distribution control of MnS inclusions in molten steel by electropulsing[J].Materials Research Innovations, 2014, 18(4):244-248
[14]
Shu Da, Li Tianxiao, Sun Baode, Wang Jun, Zhou Y.Study of electromagnetic separation of nometallic inclusions from aluminum melt[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 1999, 30(11):2979-2988
[15]
Frisvold F, Engh T A, Johansen S T, Pedersen T.Removal of inclusions-A Survey and Comparison of Principles[J].Essential Readings in Light Metals: Springer, 2016, :324-331
[16]
Sheremet Mikhail A, Pop I, Rosca Natalia C.Magnetic field effect on the unsteady natural convection in a wavy-walled cavity filled with a nanofluid: Buongiorno[J].Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2016, 61:211-222
[17]
Makarov S, Ludwig R, Apelian D.Electromagnetic separation techniques in metal casting. I. Conventional methods[J].IEEE Transactions on magnetics, 2000, 36(4):2015-2021
[18]
Takahashi Koichi, Taniguchi Shoji.Electromagnetic separation of nonmetallic inclusion from liquid metal by imposition of high frequency magnetic field[J].ISIJ international 2003, 2003, 43(6):820-827
[19]
Park Joon Pyou, Sassa Kensuke, Asai Shigeo.Improvement of Wear-Resistance in Hyper-Eutectic Al-Si Alloy by Surface Concentration of Primary Silicon Using Electromagnetic Force[J].Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals, 1995, 59(7):733-739
[20]
Munir Zuhair A, Quach Dat V, Ohyanagi Manshi.Electric current activation of sintering: a review of the pulsed electric current sintering process[J].Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 2011, 94(1):1-19
[21]
Taniguchi Shoji, Brimacombe J Keith.Application of pinch force to the separation of inclusion particles from liquid steel[J].ISIJ international 1994, 1994, 34(9):722-731
[22]
Yanlao F, Sassa K, Iwai K, Asai S.Separation of inclusions in liquid metal using fixed alternating magnetic field[J].Tetsu-to-Hagane 1997, 1997, 83(1):30-35
[23]
Tanaka Y, Sassa K, Iwai K, ASAI S.Separation of non-metallic inclusions from molten metal using traveling magnetic field[J].Tetsu-to-Hagane 1995, 1995, 81(12):1120-1125
[24]
Xu Zhishuai, Zhang Zhichen, Zhai Qijie.Microstructure modification for semisolid slurry of Al-4.5% Cu alloy by pulse magneto-oscillation treatment. [J].A Publication of TMS, 2014, :401-406
[25]
Edry Itzhak, Frage Nachum, Hayun S.The effect of pulse magneto-oscillation treatment on the structure of aluminum solidified under controlled convection[J].Materials Letters, 2016, 182:118-220
[26]
Yin Zhenxing, Gong Yongyong, Li Bo, Cheng Yufeng, Liang Dong, Zhai Qijie.Refining of pure aluminum cast structure by surface pulsed magneto-oscillation[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2012, 212(12):2629-2634
[27]
Zhang Yunhu, Zhong Honggang, Zhai qijie.Research process of grain refinement and homogenization of solidified metal alloy driven by pulsed electromagnetic fields[J].Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2007, 29(4):249-260
[28]
Gong Yongyong, Luo Jun, Jing Jinxian, Xia Zanqi, Zhai Qijie.Structure refinement of pure aluminum by pulse magneto-oscillation[J].Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2008, 497(1):147-152
[29]
Liao Xiliang, Zhai Qijie, Luo Jun, Gong Yongyong.Refining mechanism of the electric current pulse on the solidification structure of pure aluminum[J].Acta Materialia, 2007, 55(9):3013-3109
[30]
Zhang Xinfang, Lu Wenjun, Qin Rongshan.Removal of MnS inclusions in molten steel using electropulsing[J].Scripta Materialia, 2013, 69(60):453-456
[31]
Wang Bin, Yang Yuansheng, Ma Xiaoping, Tong Wenhui.Simulation of electromagnetic-flow fields in Mg melt under pulsed magnetic field[J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2010, 20(2):283-288
[32]
Zhao Jing, Yu Jihao, Li Qiushu, Zhong Honggang, Song Changjiang, Zhai Qijie.Structure of slowly solidified 30Cr2Ni4MoV casting with surface pulsed magneto-oscillation[J].Materials Science and Technology, 2015, 31(13):1589-1594
[33]
Li Yingju, Tao Wz, Yang Yuansheng.Grain refinement of Al-Cu alloy in low voltage pulsed magnetic field[J].Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 2012, 212(4):903-909
[34]
Liang Dong, Liang Zhuyuan, Zhai Qijie, Wang Gang, StJohn David H.Nucleation and grain formation of pure Al under Pulsed Magneto-Oscillation treatment[J].Materials Letters, 2014, 130:48-50
[35]
Li Tingju, Sassa K, Asai S.Effect of Intermittent High Frequency Magnetic Field on Initial Solidification in Continuous Casting[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English letters), 2009, 10(2):151-156
[36]
Edry Itzhak, Erukhimovitch V, Shoihet A, Mordekovitz Y, Frage N, Hayun S.Effect of impurity levels on the structure of solidified aluminum under pulse magneto-oscillation (PMO)[J].Journal of Materials Science, 213, 48(24):8438-8442
[37]
Zhang Xinfang, Qin Rongshan.Controlled motion of electrically neutral microparticles by pulsed direct current[J].Scientific reports, 2015, 5:1-7
[38]
Wall D P, Allen J E, Molokov S.Influence of the skin effect and current risetime on the fragmentation of wires by pulsed currents[J].Journal of applied physics, 2005, 98:1-18
[39]
Corre S, Duffar T, Bernard M, Espezel M.Numerical simulation and validation of the Peltier pulse marking of solid/liquid interfaces[J].Journal of crystal growth, 1997, 180(3-4):604-614
[40]
Xu Zhenming, Li Tianxiao, Zhou Yaohe.Theoretical analysis of velocity and migration efficiency of non-metallic inclusions in molten steel by electromagnetic filtration[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 2001, 37(4):423-428
[41]
Yan Hongchun, Zhou Benlian.The influence of pulse electric discharging on solidified sructure of Sn-10% Pb alloy[J].Acta metallurgica sinica: Acta metallurgica sinica, 1997, 33(4):352-358
[42]
Asai Shigeo.Birth and recent activities of electromagnetic processing of materials[J].ISIJ international 1989, 29(12):981-992., 1989, 29(12):981-992
[43]
Li Xibin, Lu Fenggui, Cui Haichao, Tang Xinhua.Effect of electric current pulse on flow behaviour of Al melt in parallel electrode process[J].Materials Science and Technology, 2013, 29(2):226-233
[44]
Zi Bingtao, Ba Qixian, Cui Jianzhong, Bai Y, Na Xingjie.Effect of Strong Pulsed Electromagnetic Field on Metal[J].Acta Physica Sinica, 2000, 49(5):1010-1014
[45]
Conrad Hans.Influence of an electric or magnetic field on the liquid-solid transformation in materials and on the microstructure of the solid[J].Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2000, 287(2):205-212
[46]
Yin Hongbin, Shibata Hiroyuki, Emi Toshihiko, Suzuki Mikio.Characteristics of agglomeration of various inclusion particles on molten steel surface[J].ISIJ international 1997, 1997, 37(10):946-955
[47]
Kimura Sei, Nakajima K, Mizoguchi S.Behavior of alumina-magnesia complex inclusions and magnesia inclusions on the surface of molten low-carbon steels[J].Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, 2001, 32(1):79-85
[48]
Zhao Z C, Qin Rongshan.Inclusion agglomeration in electrified molten metal: thermodynamic consideration[J].Materials Science and Technology, 2017, 33(12):1404-1410
[49]
Leenov Daniel, Kolin Alexander.Theory of electromagnetophoresis. I. Magnetohydrodynamic forces experienced by spherical and symmetrically oriented cylindrical particles[J].The Journal of Chemical Physics, 1954, 22(4):683-688
[50]
El-Kaddah Nagy, Patel Ashish D, Natarajan Thinium T.The electromagnetic filtration of molten aluminum using an induced-current separator[J].JOM Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, 1995, 47(5):46-49
2018, Vol. 25 
