钢铁研究学报(英文版)
 
         首页        期刊介绍        编 委 会        投稿指南        期刊订阅        广告服务         留言板          联系我们        English

 
 

在线办公平台

 
 

在线期刊

 
   当期目录
   论文检索
   过刊浏览
   论文下载排行
   论文点击排行
   Email Alert
   
 
文章快速检索  
  高级检索
 
2020年 27卷 8期
刊出日期:2020-08-25


   
875 Run-sheng Xu, Shu-liang Deng, Heng Zheng, Wei Wang, Ming-ming Song, Wei Xu, Fang-fang Wang
Influence of initial iron ore particle size on CO2 gasification behavior and strength of ferro-coke
Highly reactive ferro-coke has been widely studied due to its contribution to the energy saving and emission reduction in blast furnace ironmaking. To optimize the coking process of ferro-coke and improve its metallurgical properties, it is necessary to clarify the influence of initial iron ore on the strength, micro-morphology and CO2 gasification reaction behavior of formed ferro-coke. The effects of initial iron ore particle size (0.50–1.00, 0.25–0.50 and 0.074–0.125 mm) on the CO2 gasification reaction of ferro-coke were analyzed using thermo-analysis technique. In addition, the effects of initial iron ore particle size on the strength and morphology of ferro-coke were investigated by drum test, digital microscopy and scanning electron micro-scopy. The results show that iron reduced from iron ore has a great promotion effect on the CO2 gasification reaction of ferro-coke. The smaller the particle size of initial iron ore, the more intense the gasification reaction, and the lower the starting temperature for gasification reaction of ferro-coke. The results of kinetic calculation show that the apparent activation energy of ferro-coke decreases with the decreasing particle size of blended iron ore. The particle size of initial iron ore has a great impact on the strength of ferro-coke. The ferro-coke prepared by 0.25–0.50 mm iron ore presents the best strength in this experiment.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 875-886 [摘要] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 149 )
887 Wei-li Zhang, Sheng-li Wu, Zhong-jie Hu
Analysis of operational parameters affecting denitrification rate of sintering flue gas in cross-flow activated coke purification facility
The denitrification rate of the cross-flow activated coke flue gas purification facility varies with operational parameters. According to the simulated experiments, the denitrification rate with the height drop of the denitrification unit experiences 100%, rapid decreasing, and gradual rising to the equilibrium. According to the correlation analysis results based on production data, several operational parameters affecting the denitrification rate have been obtained. The denitrification rate has negative relationships with the activated coke bed temperature, the flue gas flow, the H2O content, the SO2 content and the NH3 slip, and has positive relationships with the O2 content, the NOx content, the NH3–NOx molar ratio, the flue gas pressure and the regeneration temperature. Properly increasing the sintering air leakage or the cooling air added into flue gas is beneficial to increase the denitrification rate. Priority should be given to O2, NH3–NOx molar ratio and flue gas flow to improve the denitrification rate. Additionally, a linear model, which had been validated, was developed and can be used to predict and control the denitrification rate.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 887-897 [摘要] ( 30 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 138 )
898 Jun-peng Fu, Jiu-ju Cai
Numerical investigation and optimisation of heat transfer performance in a vertical sinter cooling packed bed using Taguchi and ANOVA methods
The Taguchi and analysis of variance (ANOVA) methods were applied to investigate the effects of the structural and operational parameters on the heat transfer performance of a vertical sinter cooling packed bed. The analysed parameters were the gas flow rate, the air inlet temperature, the sinter inlet temperature, the cooling bed diameter and the cooling bed height, all of which contain three levels. The purpose was to improve the heat transfer performance of a vertical sinter cooling bed. A numerical analysis model was established to assess the heat transfer performance with respect to the varying parameters and their different levels. This mathematical model was validated by using data from practical industrial processes. The Taguchi method for the L27 (35) orthogonal design experiment was selected to evaluate the impacts of the design parameters on the heat transfer performance and to acquire the optimum combination of parameters. The analysis of variance was applied to assess the impact weights and the order of significance of the design parameters. The results show that the sinter inlet temperature and cooling bed diameter have great influences and impact the exergy of the wasted heat recovery by 61.65% and 23.31%, respectively. However, the gas flow rate and the air inlet temperature have small effects on the response. Furthermore, the air and sinter inlet temperatures have the most significant impacts on the efficiency of heat transfer by 68.83% and 23.31%, respectively. The optimal parameter combination (A1B1C3D3E3) was obtained, and the optimal results were validated by confirmation tests.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 898-912 [摘要] ( 40 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 157 )
913 Xing-run Chen, Guo-guang Cheng, Yu-yang Hou, Jing-yu Li, Ji-xiang Pan
Influence of refining process and utilization of different slags on inclusions, titanium yield and total oxygen content of Ti-stabilized 321 stainless steel
Ti-stabilized 321 stainless steel was prepared using an electric arc furnace, argon oxygen decarburization (AOD) furnace, ladle furnace (LF), and continuous casting processes. In addition, the effect of refining process and utilization of different slags on the evolution of inclusions, titanium yield, and oxygen content was systematically investigated by experimental and thermodynamic analysis. The results reveal that the total oxygen content (TO) and inclusion density decreased during the refining process. The spherical CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO inclusions existed in the 321 stainless steel after the AOD process. Moreover, prior to the Ti addition, the spherical CaO–Al2O3–MgO–SiO2 inclusions were observed during LF refining process. However, Ti addition resulted in multilayer CaO–Al2O3–MgO–TiOx inclusions. Two different samples were prepared by conventional CaO–Al2O3-based slag (Heat-1) and TiO2-rich CaO–Al2O3-based slag (Heat-2). The statistical analysis revealed that the density of inclusions and the TiOx content in CaO–Al2O3–MgO–TiOx inclusions found in Heat-2 sample are much lower than those in the Heat-1 sample. Furthermore, the TO content and Ti yield during the LF refining process were controlled by using TiO2-rich calcium aluminate synthetic slag. These results were consistent with the ion–molecule coexistence theory and FactSage™7.2 software calculations. When TiO2-rich CaO–Al2O3-based slag was used, the TiO2 activity of the slag increased, and the equilibrium oxygen content significantly decreased from the AOD to LF processes. Therefore, the higher TiO2 activity of slag and lower equilibrium oxygen content suppressed the undesirable reactions between Ti and O.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 913-921 [摘要] ( 77 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 162 )
922 Wan-hui Huang, Pan Zeng, Li-ping Lei
Investigation of processing–microstructure–property relationship using hot compression of a cone-shaped specimen
Gradient microstructure of the specimen was achieved by applying gradient thermoplastic deformation via electric resistance heating and hot compression of the cone-shaped specimen. A numerical modeling and experiment tests are conducted to investigate the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in different regions of the specimen subjected to the gradient process parameters. Microstructure analysis revealed a direct relationship between the grain size and processing parameters. The temperature distribution on the gradient specimen ranges from about 800 to 1110 °C and equivalent strain along the axis of symmetry of the specimen section ranges from about 0.1 to 1.2. Under a temperature of 1050 °C and the equivalent strain of 0.7, the middle region of the specimen section has fine and equiaxed prior-austenitic grains with an average size of (27 ± 11) μm. Corresponding to the processing parameters, the lath martensite variants microstructure in this position with the highest hardness of (946 ± 17) HV. Consequently, the linkages among hot compression parameters, microstructure, and material properties of hardness are established via a high-throughput method in a cone-shaped specimen.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 922-932 [摘要] ( 92 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 164 )
933 Ying Zhi, Di-wen Ke, Xiang-hua Liu, Zhi-xin Feng
Effects of annealing temperature on microstructure and properties of tailor-rolled blank of medium-manganese steel
The microstructure and mechanical properties of tailor-rolled blank (TRB) of medium-manganese steel during annealing were investigated. The annealing process of austenite-reverted transformation of the experimental steel was formulated. The effects of different morphologies on properties with different annealing temperatures in different thickness zones of TRB were analyzed. In the thin zone, the morphology is blocky, and in the thick zone, the morphology is lamellar. At the same annealing temperature, the tensile strength of the thick zone is lower than that of the thin zone, and the elongation and product of strength and elongation (PSE) of the thick zone are higher than those of the thin zone. With the increase in annealing temperature, the tensile strength increases, while the yield strength, the elongation and the PSE all decrease in the same thickness zone. Because the stability of lamellar austenite is higher than that of blocky austenite, the comprehensive mechanical properties in the thick zone are good. At the annealing temperature of 640 °C, the experimental steel has the best comprehensive mechanical properties, and the maximum PSE is more than 40.0 GPa% in different thickness zones. Particularly, PSE is up to 45.6 GPa% in the thickness zone of 2.0 mm.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 933-939 [摘要] ( 70 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 155 )
940 Wei-wei Guo, Xiao-xin Zhang, Ying-xue Chen, Zhi-yuan Hong, Qing-zhi Yan
Homogeneity analysis of Y-bearing 12Cr ferritic/martensitic steel fabricated by vacuum induction melting and casting
Advanced oxide metallurgy technique was adopted to produce 100-kg Y-bearing 12Cr ferritic/martensitic steel via vacuum induction melting and casting route. Subsequently, nine specimens at top, middle and bottom regions of the sheet were characterized to evaluate the homogeneity of chemical composition, microstructure and mechanical properties. The small vibration of hardness (200–220 HBW), ultimate tensile strength (672–678 MPa), yield strength (468–480 MPa), total elongation (26.2%–30.5%) and Charpy energy at room temperature (98–133 J) and at − 40 °C (12–40 J) demonstrated that mechanical properties’ homogeneity of Y-bearing steel was acceptable although slight Y segregation and inhomogeneous microstructure occurred at the bottom. Furthermore, the effect of Y content on microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties was explained and the comparison of failure mechanism for the dual-phase steel between tensile test (i.e., quasi-static loading) and Charpy test (i.e., dynamic loading) was discussed in detail.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 940-951 [摘要] ( 75 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 163 )
952 Yang-huan Zhang, Wei Zhang, Ze-ming Yuan, Wen-gang Bu, Yan Qi, Shi-hai Guo
Structure and electrochemical hydrogen storage characteristics of nanocrystalline and amorphous MgNi-type alloy synthesized by mechanical milling
Both element substitution and surface modification were utilized to enhance the electrochemical performances of Mg–Ni-based alloys. Nanocrystalline and amorphous Mg1−xCexNi0.9Al0.1 (x = 0–0.08) + 50 wt.% Ni hydrogen storage alloys were synthesized through mechanical milling. The sample alloys show excellent activation property and have good electrochemical hydrogenation and dehydrogenation property at normal temperature. The discharge capacity has a peak value with Ce content varying which is 461.6 mAh/g for 10-h milled alloy, while that of Ce0.04 alloy augments from 352.6 to 536.9 mAh/g with milling time extending from 5 to 30 h. Cycle stability is conspicuously improved with Ce content and milling duration augment. To be specific, when cycle number is fixed at 100, the capacity retention rate augments from 41% to 72% after Ce dosage rising from 0 to 0.08 for the 10-h milled alloy and from 58% to 76% after milling duration extending from 5 to 30 h for Ce0.06 alloy. Additionally, the electrochemical kinetics of the alloys own peak values with Ce proportion varying; however, they always rise with milling duration extending.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 952-963 [摘要] ( 53 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 143 )
964 A. Triwiyono, A.L. Han, A. Aryanto, S. Tudjono, B.S. Gan
Effect of specimen gauge reduction on uniaxial tension properties of reinforcing steel
The Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials (ASTM E8) mandates a specimen gauge reduction for obtaining the tensile properties of reinforcing steel bars. The standard outlines the specimen preparation requirements and methods to ensure that test results well represent the material properties. On the other hand, some codes differ regarding the approach to specimen preparation. They do not apply gauging, for both deformed and plain steel bars. Thus, the effect of specimen gauge reduction on the tensile properties of reinforcing steel bars was evaluated, and the interconnection of properties to the layer hardness was analysed. The experiment governed a range of deformed hot-rolled bar sizes, tested in tension using precision instruments. The Rockwell hardness test was implemented layerwise on the specimen’s cross section, and the hardness number (HRC) was measured as a function of the layer distance to the centre. A finite element model was constructed to study the stress concentrations induced by a constant indentation, simulating the HRCs, and to numerically construct the stress–strain relationship of ungauged steel bars based on the core properties and the section HRC relationship. Scanning electron microscopy readings were performed to visually and chemically justify the results. It was shown that the specimen gauge reduction significantly influenced the resulting stress–strain behaviour of the material, and the yield and ultimate strengths were reduced. It was also demonstrated that the hardness response is proportional to the distance to the specimen’s axes. The corresponding yield and ultimate strengths thus increased accordingly, from the inner to the outer layers of the bar. Testing a gauged specimen will therefore result in lower strength than that of an ungauged steel bar.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 964-971 [摘要] ( 69 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 140 )
972 Shuai Deng, An-jun Xu
Steel scrap melting model for a dephosphorisation basic oxygen furnace
Dephosphorisation basic oxygen furnaces (deP-BOFs) greatly differ from conventional BOFs in the melting process, especially its many limits on adding scrap. A mathematical model of the steel scrap melting process was established in MATLAB to investigate the mechanism of scrap melting in deP-BOF in terms of coupling effects of the carbon content of the molten steel, temperature, scrap preheating and converter blowing time on the melting rate and size of the steel scraps. The scrap melting rate was influenced by both the heat and mass transfer during the melting process: at 1350 °C, when the carbon content was increased from 4.5 to 5.0 mass%, the scrap melting rate increased by 43%; for the carbon content of 4.5 mass%, when the temperature was increased from 1350 to 1400 °C, the scrap melting rate increased by 60%. The carbonisation was found to be the restrictive step of the scrap melting process in deP-BOFs with respect to conventional ones. The scrap heating from room temperature to 800 °C reduced the crusting thickness on the scrap surface but there was no obvious influence on the melting rate. The scrap melting size in the deP-BOF was rather limited by its low melting rate and short melting time.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 972-980 [摘要] ( 88 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 145 )
981 You-hui Jiang, Shun Yao, Wei Liu, Yun Han, Su-peng Liu, Geng Tian, Ai-min Zhao
Influence of annealing temperatures on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties in a low-carbon steel
Quenching and partitioning (Q&P) heat treatments with different annealing temperatures and fixed initial quenching temperatures were applied to cold-rolled low-carbon steel with the initial microstructure of ferrite and pearlite, aiming to gain the same amount of austenite (preset value) before the partitioning stage. The chemical compositions of the material have been specially designed, containing 1.6 wt.% silicon and 0.8 wt.% aluminum to avoid the precipitation of carbides. The microstructure evolution of the investigated steel was characterized using a dilatometer, an optical microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM), an X-ray diffractometer, an electron backscattered diffraction and transmission electron microscope. Consequently, the microstructure of all samples looks quite similar. At the same time, according to SEM micrographs and dilatometer data, there are competitive reactions in Q&P process, such as the precipitation of carbides, the transformation of bainite and the formation of secondary martensite. Thus, the measured austenite is less than the preset values. Mechanical properties of the material were detected by uniaxial tensile tests. The results indicate that the ultimate tensile strength of the four groups of samples is similar, but the total elongation has a significant downward tendency with the increase in annealing temperatures. After annealing at 840 °C, the steel possesses great ultimate tensile strength of about 1200 MPa and optimum total elongation of about 20.37% with favorable products of strength and elongation of about 24.35 GPa%.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 981-991 [摘要] ( 56 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 153 )
992 Xi-kou He, Chang-sheng Xie, Li-jun Xiao, Ying Luo, Di Lu, Zheng-dong Liu, Xi-tao Wang
Microstructure and impact toughness of 16MND5 reactor pressure vessel steel manufactured by electrical additive manufacturing
Electrical additive manufacturing can improve manufacturing efficiency and reduce the cost of 16MND5 reactor pressure vessel steel. Impact tests were conducted to compare the impact toughness of 16MND5 steels manufactured by the electrical additive manufacturing and conventional forging, respectively. It is found that the impact toughness of electrical additive manufacturing specimen was slightly higher than that of conventional forging specimen. The characterizations of microstructure show that there were large ferrites and carbides in electrical additive manufacturing specimen. The fracture mechanisms of electrical additive manufacturing specimen were that microvoids or microcracks were prone to nucleate at the large ferrite/bainite interface and large carbide/bainitic ferrite interface, where the stress concentration was high. In addition, the block size and high-angle grain boundaries played a vital role in hindering crack propagation of electrical additive manufacturing specimen, helping to improve the impact energy and leading to a low ductile–brittle transition temperature. The results suggest that the electrical additive manufacturing technology was an effective method to enhance the impact toughness of 16MND5 steel.
2020 Vol. 27 (8): 992-1004 [摘要] ( 77 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 164 )
钢铁研究学报(英文版)
 

编辑部公告

 
 
· 《钢铁研究学报》第二届青年编委招募
· 《钢铁研究学报》英文版“极端环境下材料的腐蚀和磨损”专刊征稿启事
· 《钢铁研究学报》英文版“钢铁冶金固废资源化利用”专刊征稿启事
· 《钢铁研究学报》英文版“多相多尺度冶金过程数值仿真”专刊征稿启事
· 《钢铁研究学报》英文版“人工智能在钢铁冶金及材料中的应用”专刊征稿启事
                  更多 
 

作者指南

 
   投稿须知
   论文模板
   标准规范
   版权协议
 

读者会员登录

 
 

友 情 链 接

 
                  更多 
 
版权所有 © 《钢铁研究学报(英文版)》编辑部 
地址:北京市海淀区学院南路76号 邮政编码:100081