铁前系统氯元素迁移行为对高炉氯负荷及高炉原燃料冶金性能、煤气管道系统、TRT发电系统、热风炉耐火材料等具有重要影响。高炉大型化、集约化发展趋势日益显著,大容积高炉占比逐年提高,氯元素侵蚀给企业带来较大经济损失。为了理清高炉中氯元素的来源和排出途径,明晰氯元素的侵蚀机理,将铁前系统作为整体,研究氯元素的迁移路径,为降低高炉氯负荷及其对高炉和附属系统的危害提供理论依据十分必要。以酒钢某高炉为研究对象,对选矿、烧结、高炉3个工序所使用及产出的物料进行取样,采用离子色谱法对样品氯含量进行检测。通过氯元素平衡分析计算发现,选矿工序中的黑沟矿带入了大部分的氯元素;在烧结工序中自产精矿带入的氯元素占大部分;而在高炉系统中含铁炉料是酒钢高炉氯元素的最大来源,其次是焦炭和煤粉。高炉系统中的氯元素除了高炉煤气带出外,其余布袋灰带出氯元素的比例也较高。针对酒钢高炉的氯负荷现状,从源头上降低氯元素进入到选矿工序、烧结工序和高炉系统的量,通过喷吹低氯含量的煤粉和配加低氯含量的焦炭来限制高炉中氯元素的入炉负荷,在烧结工序对除尘灰的氯元素进行脱除,并降低氯元素在高炉内的循环富集,可大大减轻氯元素给高炉及其附属设备带来的危害。
Abstract
The migration behavior of chlorine in the iron-making process has an important influence on the chlorine load of the blast furnace, the metallurgical performance of raw materials and fuels, the gas pipeline system, the TRT power generation system, and the refractory of the hot stove. With the obvious development of large-scale and intensive blast furnaces, the proportion of large-scale blast furnaces increases year by year, and the erosion of chlorine elements brings great economic losses to steel enterprises. To clarify the various sources and discharges of chlorine elements in the blast furnace and the erosion mechanism, it is necessary to take the three processes of ore benefaction, sintering and blast furnace as a whole and study the migration path of chlorine elements, which can provide a theoretical basis for reducing the chlorine load of the blast furnace and its hazards to the blast furnace and auxiliary system. Taking a blast furnace of Jiuquan Iron and Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. (Jiuquan Steel) as the research object, the materials charged and produced in the three processes of ore benefaction, sintering and blast furnace were sampled, and the chlorine content of the samples was detected by ion chromatography. Through chlorine equilibrium calculation, it was found that most of the chlorine was brought in by the Heigou ore in the ore beneficiation process, most of the chlorine was brought in by the self-produced concentrate in the sintering process, and iron-containing burdens were the largest source of chlorine, followed by coke and pulverized coal in the blast furnace. In addition to the chlorine brought out with the blast furnace gas, the proportion of chlorine brought out by the rest of the bag ash is also high. Given the chlorine load of the blast furnace in Jiuquan Steel, the amount of chlorine entering the ore benefaction process, sintering process and blast furnace system should be reduced from the source, and the chlorine removal of dust ash should be carried out in the sintering process, and the circulation enrichment of chlorine in the blast furnace should be reduced, which could greatly reduce the hazards caused by chlorine to the blast furnace and its ancillary equipment.
关键词
氯元素 /
迁移行为 /
高炉 /
烧结 /
选矿
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Key words
chlorine /
migration behavior /
blast furnace /
sintering /
ore benefaction
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