采用3.5%NaCl溶液浸泡试验模拟海洋环境,研究了锡含量对一种海洋环境用淬火+低温回火获得的新型板条马氏体低合金超高强度钢耐蚀性的影响,利用扫描电子显微镜(field emission scanning electron microscopy,FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和电子探针(electron probe micro-analysis,EPMA)、电子万能试验机和摆锤式冲击试验机等表征手段对两种试验钢的显微组织、力学性能和腐蚀行为进行探究,分析了试验钢在不同时间内的锈层形貌、物相组成以及元素分布状态演变规律。结果表明,锡含量不同的2种试验钢热处理后显微组织为板条马氏体,综合力学性能优异。0.042Sn试验钢在浸泡腐蚀过程中,表面生成疏松易脱落的黄褐色锈层(non-adherent rusts,NAR),0.2Sn试验钢中由于锡含量增加,逐渐生成棕黑色附着型锈层(adherent rusts,AR)附着于基体表面,与基体结合紧密。腐蚀时间增长,试验钢锈层呈现内外两层结构,0.2Sn试验钢内锈层厚度逐渐增大,可有效阻挡侵蚀性离子破坏基体。腐蚀初期锈层主要由铁、氧、铬构成,腐蚀中后期耐蚀性元素铬和锡在内锈层呈层状富集,促进锈层中γ-FeOOH向α-FeOOH的成分转化,锈层中稳定的SnO2氧化产物保护性较强,使得锈层致密均匀化,FeCr2O4和Cr(OH)3阻挡Cl-等的渗透,在锈层中充当阳离子选择相,从而提高了低合金超高强度钢的耐腐蚀性能。
Abstract
The effect of Sn content on the corrosion resistance of a new type of lath martensitic low alloy ultra-high strength steel obtained by quenching and low temperature tempering in marine environment was studied by using 3.5%NaCl solution immersion test to simulate marine environment. The microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of the two steels were studied by SEM,XRD,XPS,EPMA,electronic universal testing machine and pendulum impact testing machine. The evolution of the rust layer,phase composition and element distribution of test steel were analyzed. The result shows that the microstructure of two test steels with different Sn content after heat treatment is lath martensite. Meanwhile their comprehensive mechanical properties are excellent. Loose and easy-falling yellow-brown rust layer (NAR) of 0.042Sn test steel is formed on the surface during the immersion corrosion process. Due to the increase of Sn content in 0.2Sn test steel,brownish-black adhesive rust layer (AR) is gradually formed,which is attached to the surface of the substrate and close to the base. The rust layer of test steel presents an internal and external two-layer structure with the increase of corrosion time. The thickness of inner rust layer of 0.2Sn test steel gradually increases,which can effectively prevent corrosive ions from damaging the substrate. Fe,O and Cr are main elements of the rust layer at the initial stage of corrosion. Cr and Sn,the corrosion resistant elements,are enriched in layers in the inner rust layer at the middle and later stages of corrosion,which promotes the conversion of γ-FeOOH to α-FeOOH. The stable SnO2 oxidation products in the rust layer are highly protective,making the rust layer dense and uniform. FeCr2O4 and Cr(OH)3 block the penetration of Cl- and act as cation selective phase in the rust layer,thus improving the corrosion resistance of low alloy ultra-high strength steel.
关键词
低合金超高强钢 /
海水腐蚀 /
物相组成 /
元素富集 /
耐腐蚀性
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Key words
low-alloy ultra-high strength steel /
marine corrosion /
phase composition /
element enrichment /
corrosion resistance
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脚注
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基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1960112); 兴辽英才计划资助项目(XLYC2007030)
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