传统的高炉渣处理方法为水淬法,但水淬法存在很多弊端,如大量余热资源未有效回收利用、水资源大量浪费、冷却过程中产生H2S和SO2等污染物污染环境,为了克服该方法带来的弊端,采用干式粒化法对高炉熔渣进行破碎粒化,在传统气淬喷吹工艺基础上加入水雾化,对高炉熔渣进行强化破碎,从而显著提高破碎粒化率,提升高炉渣利用附加值。通过研究不同喷吹工艺参数（不同气淬压力、不同喷嘴结构、不同气水比）对高炉熔渣破碎粒化效果（粒径分布、成珠率、球形度）的影响,获得最佳粒化工艺参数。研究结果表明,不同喷吹工艺参数（不同气淬压力、不同喷嘴结构、不同气水比）下渣珠粒径均基本呈正态分布,粒径大小基本集中在0.40~2.36 mm。同时,增大气淬压力和选用气水混合的9孔喷嘴以及增加喷水量均能够有效强化高炉渣破碎,提升成珠率,成珠率最高为85.3%。但是随着压力的增加,成珠率并不是一味增加,超过0.30 MPa后,成珠率基本保持不变;压力越大,得到的小粒径渣珠越多,而且透明度高,形状也规则;选用直接喷吹气体的拉瓦尔喷嘴和先喷气再与水混合的T型喷嘴,粒化效果均较差;在喷水量小于喷气量时,随着喷水量的增加成珠率呈逐渐增加的趋势,同时渣珠球形度较好,形状较规则;当喷水量超过喷气量后,成珠率有所减少,但减少的趋势较缓,这为高炉渣高附加值利用提供了理论参考。
Abstract
The traditional blast-furnace slag treatment method is water quenching method, but there are many drawbacks of the method, such as, a large amount of waste heat resources are not effectively recycled, water resources are wasted;H2S, SO2 and other pollutants produced in the cooling process pollute the environment. In order to overcome the disadvantages brought by the traditional method, dry granulation method is used to break and granulate the blast furnace slag. On the basis of the traditional air quenching process, water atomization is added to strengthen to break the blast furnace slag, so as to significantly improve the granulation rate and enhance the high-added value of slag. The effects of different injection process parameters （different gas quenching pressures, different nozzle structures, different air-water ratios） on the granulation effect（particle size distribution, bead formation rate, sphericity） of blast furnace slag are studied, and the best injection process parameters are obtained. The results show that the particle size distribution is basically normal, and the particle size is basically concentrated in the range of 0.40-2.36 mm under different process parameters（different air quenching pressures, different nozzle structures, different air-water ratios）. At the same time, increase the air quenching pressure and choose the nine-hole nozzle with evenly mixed air-water is more conducive to the slag crushing and granulation, which can obviously enhance the beads formation rates and the highest beads formation rate is 85.3%. However, with the increase of pressure, the beads formation rates are not a blind increase. the beads formation rates basically remains unchanged more than 0.3 MPa. The greater the pressure, the more smaller the slag beads particle size, the higher the transparency, and the more regular the slag beads shape. Lavar nozzle with directly injecting air and T-type nozzle with injecting air firstly and then mixed with water have poorer granulation effect. When the water amount is less than the air amount, the beads formation rate gradually increases with the increase of the water amount. While when the water amount is greater than the air amount, the beads formation rate decreases slightly with a slow decreasing trend, which providing theoretical reference for the high value-added utilization of blast-furnace slag.
关键词
高炉渣 /
干式粒化 /
粒径分布 /
成珠率 /
喷吹
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Key words
blast furnace slag /
dry granulation /
particle size distribution /
bead formation rate /
injection
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脚注
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基金
河北省重点研发计划资助项目（22373805D）; 河北省自然科学基金资助项目（E2021209079）
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