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2 200 MPa“小米超强钢”的材料设计与产业化应用

Material design and industrial application of 2 200 MPa “Xiaomi Steel”

  • 摘要: 汽车轻量化与安全性能的持续提升,对钢铁材料提出了更高强度与更优韧性的双重需求. 2025年,由东北大学王国栋院士团队牵头,联合育材堂、小米汽车等单位研发的2 200 MPa级铝硅镀层热冲压钢(“小米超强钢”)在全球实现首次量产装车,突破了2 000 MPa级以上马氏体钢“强则脆”的行业瓶颈.本文从材料设计创新、薄镀层界面调控、氢致延迟开裂评价及产业化应用四个维度,系统阐述该钢种的核心技术突破及其工程价值.在高性能薄铝硅镀层技术基础上,通过“无Mo、Ni贵合金添加”的含Al新型合金体系设计,结合带状组织敏感因子优化、柯氏气团动力学调控及纳米碳化钒弥散析出控制,成功稳定生产淬火态抗拉强度近2 200 MPa、涂装烘烤后2 000 MPa、横向(最弱方向)VDA三点弯曲角45°的2 200 MPa级热冲压钢,其断裂应变与国外同类2 000 MPa级产品相当,强度提升约10%,且吨钢合金成本显著降低.同时,建立了全新的氢致延迟开裂评价方法和标准,为2 200 MPa级材料规模化应用的风险控制提供了关键保障.目前,该材料已在小米YU7及新一代SU7实现全系标配应用,并获得中国产学研合作促进会科技...

     

    Abstract: The continuous improvement of automotive lightweighting and crash safety performance imposes dual demands on steels: higher strength and better toughness. In 2025, the 2 200 MPa grade Al-Si coated hot stamping steel(named “Xiaomi Steel”), jointly developed by academician team led by Wang Guodong from Northeastern University, Easyforming Technology Co., Ltd., and Xiaomi EV, achieved its world-first mass production and vehicle installation, breaking through the long-standing “strong but brittle” bottleneck of martensitic steels with strengths above 2 000 MPa. This paper systematically describes the core technological breakthroughs and engineering values of this steel from four aspects: innovative material design, thin coating interface control, hydrogen-induced delayed cracking assessment, and industrial application. Based on the thin Al-Si coating technology, we further demonstrate that through a low-alloy design concept of “Mo and Ni-free”plus Al addition, combined with banded structure sensitivity factor optimization, Cottrell atmosphere kinetics control, and dispersed nano-vanadium carbide precipitation control, a 2 200 MPa grade hot stamping steel has been successfully and stably produced, exhibiting an as-quenched tensile strength near 2 200 MPa, a post-paint-baking tensile strength of 2 000 MPa, and a transverse three-point bending angle of 45°. Its fracture strain is comparable to 2 000 MPa grade steels made by foreign companies, while the strength is increased by about 10% and the alloy cost per ton is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, the development of the thin Al-Si coating technology and the brand-new rapid assessment method for hydrogen-induced delayed cracking provides key technical support for the large-scale application of the 2 200 MPa grade material and its risk control. At present, this material comes standard across Xiaomi YU7 and the new generation SU7 models, and has won the First Prize for Scientific and Technological Innovation Achievement from the China Association for the Promotion of Industry-University-Research Collaboration. This achievement marks a leap from “following” to “leading” in the field of high-performance automotive steels in China, and also provides a typical case of industry-university-research collaborative innovation.

     

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