Abstract: Silicon carbide particle reinforced aluminum-silicon matrix composites have broad application prospects as structural functional materials in vehicle traffic, aerospace and precision instruments because of their high specific strength, high specific stiffness, good wear resistance and easy deformation. However, the coupling effect of thermal/stress field will occur in the preparation and processing of the composites, resulting in interface reaction, segregation of reinforcement phase, multi-scale precipitation of Si phase and intermetallic compound phase and microstructure evolution, which are unfavorable to the regulation of the mechanical properties of the composites. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of several mature preparation processes such as powder metallurgy, stir casting, impregnation and jet deposition are reviewed, and the effects of several preparation processes on the microstructure and properties of composites are analyzed