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取向硅钢极薄带织构演变规律

Evolution law of texture in grain-oriented electrical steel ultra-thin strips

  • 摘要: 取向硅钢极薄带因其优异的磁性能,在高频电力电子设备中具有广阔的应用前景。其织构演变规律直接影响最终产品的磁性能,而退火温度是调控织构与磁性能的关键工艺参数。为研究取向硅钢极薄带在制备过程中织构的演变规律,以及退火温度对其显微组织、织构及磁性能的影响,采用厚度为0.27 mm的商用无底层取向硅钢板作为原料,通过一次冷轧法制备了厚度为0.08 mm的取向硅钢极薄带。具体工艺流程为先经2道次冷轧(第1道次冷轧次压下率为63%,第2道次为20%),随后将冷轧后的极薄带在不同温度(800~940 ℃)下进行高温退火处理。研究主要利用背散射电子衍射(electron backscatter diffraction,EBSD)微织构分析技术和X射线衍射仪(X-ray diffraction,XRD)等表征手段,系统分析了取向硅钢极薄带在冷轧及退火工艺过程中的组织与织构演变规律。试验结果表明,初始样品以Goss织构为主。经过2道次冷轧后,Goss110〈001〉取向显著转变为111〈112〉取向,且随着压下率增大与带材减薄,转变更为彻底。经不同温度的高温退火处理后,111〈112〉取向织构又重新转变为Goss110〈001〉。随着退火温度升高,晶粒尺寸逐渐增大,Goss织构所占比例及磁性能均呈上升趋势。在较高退火温度下,极薄取向硅钢的综合磁性能较好。当退火温度为940 ℃时,磁感应强度B800达到1.725 T,铁损P1.5/400为15.76 W/kg,获得了本试验条件下综合性能最佳的磁性能。

     

    Abstract: Grain-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin strip shows broad application prospects in high-frequency power electronic devices due to its excellent magnetic properties. Its texture evolution directly affects the magnetic properties of the final product, and the annealing temperature is a key process parameter for controlling texture and magnetic performance. To investigate the texture evolution during the preparation of grain-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin strip and the influence of annealing temperature on microstructure, texture, and magnetic properties, a commercial substrate- glassless grain-oriented electrical steel sheet with thickness of 0.27 mm was used as raw material. An ultra-thin strip with thickness of 0.08 mm was prepared via single cold-rolling method. The specific process involved two-pass cold rolling, first pass reduction rate 63% and second pass 20%, followed by high-temperature annealing of the cold-rolled ultra-thin strip at different temperatures ranging from 800 to 940 ℃. The research primarily employed characterization techniques such as electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD) micro-texture analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to systematically analyze the evolution of microstructure and texture during the cold rolling and annealing processes of the grain-oriented silicon steel ultra-thin strip. Experimental results indicate that the initial sample is dominated by Goss texture. After the two-pass cold rolling, the Goss orientation significantly transformes into 111〈112〉 orientation, and this transformation becomes more complete with increasing reduction rate and strip thinning. Subsequently, after high-temperature annealing at different temperatures, the 111〈112〉 orientation texture transformes back into Goss110〈001〉. As the annealing temperature increases, grain size gradually grows, and both the proportion of Goss texture and the magnetic properties show an upward trend. Under higher annealing temperatures, the comprehensive magnetic properties of the ultra-thin grain-oriented silicon steel are better. When the annealing temperature reaches 940 ℃, the magnetic induction B800 reaches 1.725 T, and the iron loss P1.5/400 is 15.76 W/kg, achieving the best comprehensive magnetic performance under the experimental conditions.

     

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