Abstract: Scrap-based electric arc furnace （EAF） steelmaking is an important route for the low-carbon transition of the iron and steel industry. However, owing to the complex origins of scrap steel, impurities such as oil residues, plastics, rubber, coatings, and halogen-containing additives are often introduced into EAFs. During scrap preheating, melting-oxidation, and flue gas cooling, these impurities can release chlorine sources, organic carbon sources, and aromatic precursors, thereby increasing the formation risk of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs）. The emission characteristics, formation pathways, and full-process control technologies of PCDD/Fs during scrap-based EAF steelmaking are reviewed. Existing studies show that primary flue gas, the scrap-preheating section, and high-load zones upstream of bag filtration are important nodes for PCDD/Fs formation and migration, with typical concentrations ranging from 0.35 to 17 ng-TEQ/m³. The mass concentrations of PCDFs are generally higher than those of PCDDs, and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF and 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD are the major contributors to toxic equivalency （TEQ）. In terms of formation pathways, PCDD/Fs in scrap-based EAFs are mainly formed through precursor reactions and de novo synthesis. De novo synthesis dominates in dust-laden flue gas cooling sections and is affected by heterogeneous catalysis involving unburned carbon, chlorine sources, and Cu/Fe-containing metal species on fly ash surfaces. Current control technologies include scrap cleaning, secondary combustion, rapid quenching, inhibitor injection, activated carbon adsorption, and catalytic oxidation. Among them, activated carbon injection coupled with bag filtration is a relatively mature end-of-pipe safeguard technology. However, it essentially transfers PCDD/Fs between phases and increases the disposal pressure of PCDD/Fs-containing fly ash. Future control of PCDD/Fs in scrap-based EAF steelmaking should shift from single end-of-pipe treatment toward coordinated control integrating source reduction, in-process inhibition, and end-of-pipe purification, with emphasis on deep mitigation technologies that combine in-process inhibition with end-of-pipe catalytic degradation. This strategy can provide support for the coordinated development of low-carbon EAF steelmaking and the control of characteristic organic pollutants.