Abstract: High-temperature alloys play a crucial role in aerospace engines, gas turbines and other high-temperature applications. During the melting process of high-temperature alloys, ceramic crucibles serve as essential containers. The interaction between the crucible and the alloy melt directly influences the alloy's purity, microstructural uniformity and service performance, while also determining the thermal stability and service life of the crucible itself. To meet the requirements for melting high-performance high-temperature alloys, it is imperative to further improve the mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, thermal stability and corrosion resistance of ceramic crucibles under high-temperature conditions. A systematic review of the development of ceramic crucibles used for high-temperature alloy smelting is prorided, which are primarily categorized into three types: oxide refractories, non-oxide refractories and oxide-non-oxide composite refractories. The service performance and modification methods of these materials are analyzed in terms of thermal stability, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.Strategies including composite structural design and zirconia doping for improving the thermal shock and corrosion resistance of ceramic materials are emphasized. Furthermore, the interaction mechanisms and influencing factors between ceramic crucibles and alloy melts are discussed from the perspectives of wetting, corrosion and spalling. Finally,prospects for improving crucible performance through material structural design and rare-earth oxide doping are presented.