Abstract: To drive the deep decarbonization of the entire steel industry chain, carbon reduction efforts in the upstream supply chain play a decisive role. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is applied to calculate the carbon emissions of galvanized steel products, with a focus on analyzing the carbon emission proportion of raw fuels and materials. Results show that upstream carbon emissions of the steel industry account for 55.53% of the total carbon emissions of the entire industrial chain. The emission composition ratios of various raw fuels and energy sources are as follows: coke 16.88%, coal 14.79%, iron ore 14.85%, ferroalloy 9.92%, flux 6.01%, industrial gas 9.06%, carbon products 0.20% and electricity 18.50%. Further analysis reveals that the main factors affecting carbon emissions from raw fuels and materials include energy structure and carbon intensity, production processes and technical equipment levels, resource endowments and raw material quality, as well as management standards and production modes. Measured data are obtained through field investigations, and product carbon footprint values of typical raw fuels and materials are calculated via LCA modeling. Among these values, coal reaches 89.42 kg/t, coke 1.36×10³ kg/t, iron ore 119.02 kg/t, ferroalloy 4.78×10³ kg/t, lime 1.21×10³ kg/t and graphite electrodes 8.84×10³ kg/t. On this basis, carbon emission characteristics and carbon reduction measures of each type of raw fuel and material are analyzed in depth. A simulation scenario themed “impacts of upstream raw fuel carbon reduction on steel products” is established based on the above research. A series of carbon reduction measures are implemented comprehensively, namely, adoption of green electricity in coal and graphite electrode production processes, co-combustion of 20% biomass fuel in coke production, low-carbon transformation in iron ore and ferroalloy transportation links, and application of hydrogen calcination technology in lime production processes. Implementation of these measures can reduce carbon emissions in the upstream raw fuel and material sector by 20%-40% and drive a carbon footprint reduction of approximately 8% for galvanized steel products.