Abstract: Aluminum dross is a waste of the aluminum industry, and its improper disposal can pose negative environmental impacts. The metallurgical effects of utilizing nitrided aluminum dross in the smelting process of rebar steel are systematically investigated. Firstly, resistance furnace experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of nitrided aluminum dross addition on the oxygen content, aluminum content, and nitrogen content in steel, as well as the corresponding aluminum yield and nitrogen yield. Secondly, an analysis was conducted on the characteristics of inclusions resulting from the addition of nitrided aluminum dross to steel. Finally, based on the laboratory experimental parameters, industrial trials were conducted in steel plant. The laboratory results showed that as nitrided aluminum dross addition increased from 0.5 to 2.0 g per kilogram of molten steel, wO (reduction in oxygen content) increased from 0.0017 to 0.0028 wt.%, and wAl (increase in dissolved aluminum content) rose from 0.0064 to 0.0272 wt.%. Compared to metallic aluminum with similar theoretical aluminum input, nitrided aluminum dross achieves comparable wO and wAl, with an aluminum yield of about 60%. The increase in nitrided aluminum dross addition raised wN (increase in nitrogen content) from 0.0013 to 0.0038 wt.%, thereby enhancing the precipitation of VN. It was found that nitrided aluminum dross addition leads to a slight increase in inclusion size and number density compared to metallic aluminum. Nevertheless, the resulting steel cleanliness meets all specifications for rebar steel. Industrial practice also proved that nitrided aluminum dross can be effectively utilized as a pre-deoxidizing agent and nitrogen source.