Abstract: Phase change material (PCM) cooling has application advantages in terms of structural complexity and cooling efficiency, with other cooling methods to compensate for their thermal saturation and other problems. On the basis of analyzing the thermal problems of lithium-ion batteries and the thermal storage mechanism of PCM, and focuses on the research progress of PCM cooling and hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) with PCM coupled with air cooling, liquid cooling, and heat pipe cooling. Metallic materials play a key role in this, such as metallic PCM themselves have better thermal conductivity and heat storage capacity than organic and inorganic PCM, and have good potential for application in PCM, as well as being more widely used in organic PCM and heat pipe cooling substrates. It is undeniable that hybrid BTMS combining multiple cooling technologies is more favorable for practical application.