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基于电磁搅拌技术的热处理铝硅合金性能

Properties of heat treatment aluminum- silicon alloy based on electromagnetic stirring technology

  • 摘要: 为解决过共晶铝硅合金初生硅相粗大导致的力学性能短板问题,研究结合半固态成型技术特性,提出“电磁搅拌,热处理”协同强化工艺,通过正交对比试验系统探究其调控效果。系统表征测试结果表明,在最优参数组合(50 V搅拌电压、15 Hz搅拌频率、30 min搅拌时间,搭配515 ℃×6 h固溶+120 ℃×8 h时效)下,合金初生硅相显著细化为细小圆整颗粒状,抗拉强度达(289.4±10.5)MPa,伸长率达18.4%±0.6%、硬度达(62.3±4.2)HV。该工艺实现了合金组织均匀性与力学性能的协同优化,可适配汽车发动机活塞等耐磨零部件制造需求,为铝硅合金高性能化提供可靠技术参考,具有良好工程推广前景。

     

    Abstract: To address the mechanical property deficiency caused by the coarse primary silicon phase of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys, this study combines the characteristics of semi-solid forming technology and proposes a “electromagnetic stirring and heat treatment” synergistic strengthening process. The regulation effect is explored through an orthogonal comparative test system. The results of the system characterization test show that under the optimal parameter combination (50 V stirring voltage, 15 Hz stirring frequency, 30 min stirring time, combined with 515 ℃×6 h solution +120 ℃×8 h aging), the primary silicon phase of the alloy is significantly refined into fine and round granular form. The tensile strength reaches (289.4±10.5) MPa, the elongation reaches (18.4%±0.6%), and the hardness reaches (62.3±4.2)HV. This process achieves the coordinated optimization of the uniformity of alloy structure and mechanical properties,meeting the manufacturing requirements of wear-resistant parts such as automotive engine pistons. It provides a reliable technical reference for the high performance of aluminum-silicon alloys and has a promising prospect for engineering promotion.

     

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