高瓦斯巷道干式过滤除尘系统设计及应用
Design and Application of Dry-type Dust Collection System in High Gas Contained Roadway
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摘要: 矿井掘进工作面具有生产设备集中、截割产尘量大、风流场复杂等特点,严重威胁矿井安全生产和矿工职业健康。目前广泛应用的干式过滤除尘技术对于粉尘的净化效率较高,特别是对呼吸性粉尘的治理效果较好,但使用过程中存在运行阻力大、抽尘效果不佳等问题。为此,针对山西高河能源有限公司高瓦斯巷道W3306辅运顺槽掘进工作面,设计了KCG-800型干式过滤除尘系统,选用正负压风筒组合方式调控巷道内含尘气体流动,设置正压风筒距离掘进工作面迎头4 m、负压风筒距离迎头3 m,并选用圆台形吸尘罩设置在负压风筒入口。现场应用结果显示,掘进机司机位置总尘、呼尘的平均降尘效率分别为97.67%和95.99%,转载点位置总尘、呼尘的平均降尘效率分别为96.88%和93.71%,风机出口位置总尘、呼尘的平均降尘效率分别为96.26%和98.62%,巷道后方无明显的粉尘飘逸现象。此外,在除尘系统开启前后,现场3个测点的瓦斯浓度几乎不变,无瓦斯积聚现象,证明了该矿用干式除尘系统在高瓦斯巷道内应用的安全性。Abstract: The underground excavation face has the characteristics of concentrated production equipment,large amount of dust production and complex wind flow field,which seriously threatens the safety of the mine production and the occupational health of the miners. At present,the widely used dry-type dust collection method has a high purification efficiency for dust,especially for respirable dust. However,issues such as high operating resistance and poor dust extraction efficiency exist during its usage. To this end,the KCG-800 dry-type dust collection system was designed for the W3306 auxiliary transportation along the groove of the high-gas excavation roadway of Shanxi Gaohe Energy Co.,Ltd. and the combination of positive and negative pressure air ducts was used to regulate the flow of dust-containing air in the roadway. The positive pressure air duct and the negative pressure air duct were set up 4 m and 3 m away from the head of the excavation face respectively. And a round tableshaped dust collection cover was selected to be set at the entrance of the negative pressure air duct. The field application results show that the average dust removal efficiency of the total dust and respirable dust at the position of the roadheader driver is 97. 67% and 95. 99%,respectively. The average dust removal efficiency of the total dust and respirable dust at the transfer point is 96. 88% and 93. 71%,respectively. And the average dust removal efficiency of the total dust and respirable dust at the outlet position of the fan is 96. 26% and 98. 62%,respectively. There is no obvious dust drifting phenomenon behind the roadway. In addition,before and after the dust removal system was turned on,the gas concentration at the three measuring points on the site remains almost unchanged. And there was no gas accumulation,which proves the safety of the mine dry-type dust collection system in the high-gas contained roadway.
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