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Q460C等边角钢开裂的原因及预防措施

Cause for Cracking of Q460C Equal Angle Steel and Precautions

  • 摘要: 边宽200 mm、边厚26 mm的Q460C等边角钢边部开裂。对开裂的角钢进行金相检验和能谱分析,采用Abaqus有限元模拟角钢的热轧过程,并通过模拟试验研究了Q460C钢铸坯热塑性。结果表明:开裂角钢中存在少量尺寸小于5μm的MnS夹杂物,但不是角钢开裂的原因;角钢裂纹处有轧制加热过程中形成的50~100μm厚的脱碳层; Q460C钢铸坯在975~1 000℃具有较好的热塑性,但因连铸结晶器冷却不均匀,铸坯内弧角部产生裂纹,导致轧制后的角钢边部开裂。通过增大结晶器内圆角半径和铜管角部厚度,边部开裂的Q460C钢等边角钢百分率从12%降至0。

     

    Abstract: Equal angle steels measuring 200 mm side width by 10 mm side thickness,made of Q460C steel,exhibited cracks at the edge. The metallographic examination and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) analysis were performed on the cracked angle steel. The hot rolling process of the angle steel was simulated by Abaqus finite element method,and the hot plasticity of Q460C steel billets was investigated through simulative test. The results showed that(a) a small amount of MnS inclusions measuring less than 5 μm was present in the cracked angle steel,but were not the cause for its cracking;(b) there was a 50 to 100 μm thick decarburized layer at the crack of the angle steel,which formed during heating for rolling; and(c) Q460C steel billets exhibited good hot plasticity in the temperature range of 975 to 1 000 ℃,however,the cracks originated at the inner arc corner of the casting blank because of the nonuniform cooling of the continuous casting mould,thus resulting in edge cracking of the equal angle steels after rolling. The percentage of Q460C equal angle steels whose edge cracked decreased from 12% to nil by the increase in both the fillet radius of the mould and the thickness of the copper tube corner.

     

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