Abstract: In this paper, the mechanical properties, micro-Vickers hardness, electrical conductivity, exfoliation corrosion, and stress corrosion were tested at different positions of the cross-section of high-strength and high-toughness 7-series aluminum alloy sectional material, and the microstructures at different positions were compared and analyzed. Then, the laws governing the relationship between the mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and microstructure of high-strength and high-toughness 7-series aluminum alloy sectional material were explored.The results showed that the tensile properties and Vickers hardness values around the section of high-strength and high-toughness 7-series aluminum alloy sectional material were higher than those at the core, and the stronger the grain size was, the more obvious the strengthening effect was. The electrical conductivity of high-strength and high-toughness 7-series aluminum alloy sectional material at the non-reinforced areas was higher than that at the reinforced areas. The electrical conductivity at the grain change position was the lowest, and the electrical conductivity at the corner was the highest. The exfoliation corrosion resistance at the non-reinforced areas was slightly worse than that at the reinforced areas, which was related to the presence of the long and wide cake grains without recrystallization at the non-reinforced areas. While, the grains at the reinforced areas tended to be equiaaxial grains, and the equiaaxial grains had better exfoliation corrosion resistance. The stress corrosion resistance at the non-reinforced areas was better than that at the reinforced areas, the equiaxed grain was not good for stress corrosion resistance, and the elongated deformed grain was more favorable for stress corrosion resistance. In the design of high-strength and high-toughness 7-series aluminum alloy sectional materials for engineering applications, optimization based on the relationships among mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and microstructure could be performed while satisfying stiffness and mass requirements, thereby achieving better comprehensive performance.