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转炉热熔渣中底吹氮气行为研究

Study on the behavior of bottom-blown nitrogen in converter hot-melt slag

  • 摘要: 转炉渣是炼钢工序的重要副产品,由于渣中磷元素的富集,严重影响转炉渣的综合利用。底吹氮气能够增加还原剂与熔渣的接触面积,提升转炉熔渣的脱磷效率。文章采用数值模型方法,针对转炉溅渣护炉前向熔渣底吹氮气过程,研究了转炉底吹喷嘴数量、底吹流量及底吹喷嘴位置对熔池流场的影响。模拟结果表明,四喷嘴熔池平均湍动能为单喷嘴的2.5倍,且底吹损耗比双喷嘴损耗低,底吹效果最佳。底吹流量从1.14 m/s增加到1.31 m/s时,熔池的死区比例变化不明显,但湍动能转化率降低,因此在一定范围内减少底吹流量可以提高湍动能利用率。偏心底吹比中心底吹具有更大的死区比例,不利于熔渣的混匀。

     

    Abstract: Converter slag is an important by-product of the steelmaking process, which seriously affects the comprehensive utilization of converter slag due to the enrichment of phosphorus in the slag. Bottom-blowing nitrogen can increase the contact area between the reducing agent and slag, and improve the phosphorus removal efficiency of converter slag. The article adopts a numerical modeling method for the bottom blowing of nitrogen to the slag before converter slag sputtering and furnace protection, and investigates the effects of the number of converter bottom blowing nozzles, bottom blowing flow rate and bottom blowing nozzle position on the flow field of the molten pool. Simulation results show that the average turbulence energy of four nozzles is 2.5 times of that of a single nozzle, and the bottom blowing loss is lower than that of two nozzles, so the bottom blowing effect is the best. The increase of bottom blowing flow rate from 1.14 m/s to 1.31 m/s has little effect on the reduction of dead zone ratio, and the nozzle flow rate should be minimized under the premise of guaranteeing the mixing effect of the molten pool. Eccentric bottom blowing has a larger dead zone ratio than center bottom blowing, which is not conducive to slag mixing.

     

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