叠轧法生产宽薄9Ni钢板工艺研究
Research on the production process of wide and thin gauge 9Ni steel plate by pack rolling method
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摘要: 为在中厚板轧机上生产得到组织性能及板形优异的宽薄规格9Ni钢板,通过试验和数值模拟的方法对叠轧工艺进行了研究。设计了9Ni钢的化学成分,测定了试验钢的CCT曲线,通过中试试验,获得了3 mm厚叠轧板,及合理的组坯焊接方式以及隔离剂成分。采用有限元数值模拟的方法分析了不同压下量时叠轧板的应力和应变分布规律,以制定合理的压下规程。结果表明:当压下量为10 mm时,叠轧板应力分布较为均匀;当压下量增加至15 mm及以上时,应力分布不再均匀,上板下表面与上板上表面应力分布明显不同,其边部应力较高,中心应力分布较为均匀。在中厚板轧机上开展了工业生产,粗轧开轧温度为1 150 ℃,精轧开轧温度为950 ℃,精轧终轧温度为810 ℃;根据试验钢CCT曲线,叠轧板冷速大于5 ℃/s时,可获得全马氏体组织,试验钢Ac1和Ac3温度分别为621 ℃和735 ℃,为得到完全奥氏体化组织,淬火温度必须高于735 ℃;为得到逆转奥氏体组织,两相区淬火处理温度须高于621 ℃,生产的5 mm厚宽薄规格钢板具有优异的综合力学性能,钢板平直度小于3 mm/m,符合标准和客户要求。Abstract: To produce 9Ni steel plates with excellent microstructure, properties andplate shape in wide and thin gauge via a medium-heavy plate mill, the pack rolling process was investigated through experiments and numerical simulations. The chemical composition of 9Ni steel was designed, and the CCT curve of the tested steel was determined. Through pilot trials, 3 mm thick pack-rolled plates were obtained alongside suitable welding methods for stacking and spacer compound formulations. Finite element simulations were used to analyze stress and strain distribution patterns under different reductions to establish reasonable rolling schedules. Results indicate that uniform stress distribution at 10 mm reduction, while reductions greater than 15 mm caused non-uniform distribution with significant differences between the lower surface of the top plate and its upper surface.There is higher stress at edges but relative uniformity centrally. Industrial production on the medium-heavy plate mill implemented roughing rolling start at 1 150 ℃, finishing rolling start at 950 ℃, and finishing rolling end at 810 ℃. According to the CCT curve, cooling rates greater than 5 ℃/s yield fully martensitic microstructure. The Ac1 and Ac3 of the tested steel are 621 ℃ and 735 ℃, quenching temperature must exceed 735 ℃ for complete austenitization, while two-phase region quenching above 621 ℃ achieves reversed austenite. The 5 mm thick wide and thin gauge plates exhibited excellent comprehensive mechanical properties with flatness less than 3 mm/m, meeting standards and customer requirements.
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