Abstract: Appropriate processing technology can significantly improve the service performance of enameled steel sheets. In order to obtain enameled steel sheets with excellent properties, the effects of different annealing temperatures on the microstructure, mechanical properties and scale explosion resistance of enamel steel were investigated by laser confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, electronic universal testing machine, double-cell hydrogen permeation device and other methods. The results show that the microstructure of the hot-rolled experimental steel consists of ferrite, a small amount of pearlite and lamellar cementite, with an average ferrite grain size of about 30.2 μm, yield strength of about 276 MPa, tensile strength of about 364 MPa, and elongation after fracture of about 38.3%. The microstructure of the cold-rolled and annealed experimental steel consists of ferrite, degenerated pearlite and granular cementite. When annealed at 620 ℃, the average ferrite grain size is about 10.4 μm, the yield strength of the annealed sheet is about 317 MPa, the tensile strength is 352 MPa, and the elongation after fracture is about 40.1%. With the increase of annealing temperature, the average ferrite grain size of the annealed sheet increases, while the strength decreases and the plasticity improves. The scale explosion resistance test shows that the scale explosion resistance sensitivity index T_H value of the annealed experimental steel sheet is about 16.4 min/mm², showing excellent scale explosion resistance, which is mainly attributed to the strong hydrogen trapping effect of second-phase particles such as Fe₃C, (Ti,Nb)(C,N) and TiC. With the increase of annealing temperature, grain coarsening and the growth of second-phase particles lead to the gradual reduction of interface area, the hydrogen trap density of the annealed sheet decreases gradually, and the T_H value decreases gradually, but the scale explosion resistance still remains at a high level.