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热轧高强钢全流程智能稳定轧制关键技术研究进展

A review of key technologies for full-process intelligent and stable rolling of high-strength hot-rolled steel

  • 摘要: 高强度钢板因其优异的综合性能,在汽车、能源等领域应用广泛。然而,高强钢热连轧过程中,仍面临品规快速切换过渡材多、板形控制精度低、轧机振动剧烈等共性难题,严重制约其生产稳定性和质量一致性。综述了近年来高强钢热连轧过程智能稳定轧制关键技术以及全流程智能管控技术的最新进展。针对传统机理模型和统计学模型设定精度低的难题,“机理+数据”双驱动建模方法成为提升高强钢品规快速过渡和稳定轧制过程控制精度的有效途径。同时,面向薄规格高强钢的轧机振动抑制,控制方式已从单一设备的监管和参数优化模式转变为基于加热-除鳞-轧制全流程的“过程遗传学”视角的系统性治理模式,并通过结合数据驱动的自抗扰控制技术实现了高强钢轧制过程的精确振动抑制。为实现对复杂轧制状态的实时掌控,集成多源数据诊断、单卷/单元智能分析及产品质量智能评分的综合诊断分析技术应运而生。为了实现对复杂轧制状况的精准控制,研发了集成多源数据诊断、单卷/单元智能分析以及智能质量评分于一体的智能诊断分析技术。最后,通过构建品规快速过渡与稳定轧制的协同管控技术,实现了辊形优化配置、排产计划动态调整与板形模型分档优化技术,显著提升了高强钢热连轧生产过程的整体调控能力与高强钢生产占比。本文旨在阐明该领域的技术框架及发展趋势,为热连轧的未来智能化和绿色化发展提供理论参考。

     

    Abstract: High-strength steel plates are widely applied in automotive, energy and other fields due to their excellent comprehensive properties. However, the hot strip rolling of high-strength steel faces common problems including excessive transitional materials generated during rapid product specification switching, low plate shape control accuracy and severe rolling mill vibration, which seriously limit the production stability and quality consistency of high-strength steel. This paper reviews the latest research progress of key intelligent stable rolling technologies and full-process intelligent management and control technologies for the hot strip rolling of high-strength steel. Aiming at the low setting accuracy of traditional mechanism and statistical models, the mechanism and data dual-driven modeling method serves as an effective approach to improve the control accuracy of rapid product specification transition and stable rolling process for high-strength steel. Meanwhile, the vibration suppression technology for thin-gauge high-strength steel has evolved from the single mode of equipment supervision and parameter optimization to a systematic management mode from the process genetics perspective covering the full process of heating, descaling and rolling. Combined with the data-driven active disturbance rejection control technology, this technology realizes accurate vibration suppression during the high-strength steel rolling process. To achieve real-time monitoring of complex rolling states, an integrated comprehensive diagnosis and analysis technology incorporating multi-source data diagnosis, single coil/unit intelligent analysis and intelligent product quality scoring is developed. Finally, the construction of collaborative management and control technology for rapid product specification transition and stable rolling realizes the optimal configuration of roll profile, dynamic adjustment of production scheduling and hierarchical optimization of plate shape models. This technology significantly improves the overall regulation capability of the high-strength steel hot strip rolling process and increases the production proportion of high-strength steel. This paper clarifies the technical framework and development trends in this research field, and provides theoretical references for the intelligent and green development of hot strip rolling in the future.

     

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