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海洋平台用耐海水腐蚀钢热带海洋飞溅区腐蚀行为

Corrosion behavior of seawater corrosion-resistant steel for offshore platforms in tropical marine splash zone

  • 摘要: 随着中国“海洋强国”及“一带一路”等战略的深入推进,各类海洋平台对耐海水腐蚀钢的需求持续增长。然而,在高温、高湿、高盐雾的热带苛刻海洋环境中,耐海水腐蚀钢的腐蚀行为尚未得到充分研究,尤其是相关实海腐蚀暴晒数据的缺乏,严重制约了其工程应用。本文基于热带海洋海水飞溅区的实海暴晒试验,结合扫描电子显微镜、显微拉曼光谱仪、X射线衍射仪及电化学测试等方法,研究了Al-Sn-Cr-Cu系耐海水腐蚀钢与Q355低合金高强钢的腐蚀失重以及腐蚀产物成分等腐蚀行为差异。研究结果表明,在热带海洋海水飞溅区实海暴晒4个月后,两类不同钢材表面均覆盖有明显的棕褐色腐蚀产物层,腐蚀产物均由α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、β-FeOOH以及Fe3O4组成。由于腐蚀产物中Al、Cr和Cu等合金化元素的富集,耐海水腐蚀钢表面腐蚀产物更为致密,而Q355钢腐蚀产物则由于β-FeOOH含量更高而疏松多孔。电化学测试结果表明,耐海水腐蚀钢表面腐蚀产物具有更大的电荷转移电阻且腐蚀电流密度更低,腐蚀产物保护效果优于Q355钢。进一步去除表面腐蚀产物层后发现,耐海水腐蚀钢表面蚀坑多为“宽浅”型,而Q355钢表面蚀坑则多为“深窄”型。因此,通过Al、Cr和Cu等元素进行合金化可提升耐海水腐蚀钢在海水飞溅区的耐蚀性能,从而确保海洋平台的服役安全。

     

    Abstract: With the further advancement of China's strategies including the Maritime Power initiative and the Belt and Road Initiative, the demand for seawater corrosion-resistant steels for various offshore platforms continues to grow. However, the corrosion behavior of seawater corrosion-resistant steels in harsh tropical marine environments with high temperature, high humidity and high salt spray has not been fully studied. The lack of field exposure test data severely restricts their engineering application. In this work, field exposure tests in the tropical marine splash zone were carried out. Combined with scanning electron microscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry and electrochemical tests, the differences in corrosion behaviors including corrosion weight loss and corrosion product composition between Al-Sn-Cr-Cu series seawater corrosion-resistant steel and Q355 low-alloy high-strength steel were investigated. The results show that obvious brownish corrosion product layers form on the surfaces of the two types of steels after four months of field exposure in the tropical marine splash zone. The corrosion products are composed of α-FeOOH, γ-FeOOH, β-FeOOH and Fe3O4. The enrichment of alloying elements such as Al, Cr and Cu in corrosion products makes the corrosion product layer of the seawater corrosion-resistant steel denser. By contrast, the corrosion product layer of Q355 steel is loose and porous due to its higher content of β-FeOOH. Electrochemical test results show that the corrosion product layer on the seawater corrosion-resistant steel possesses higher charge transfer resistance and lower corrosion current density, presenting better protective performance than that of Q355 steel. After the removal of the surface corrosion product layers, the pits on the seawater corrosion-resistant steel are mostly wide and shallow, while those on Q355 steel are mainly deep and narrow. Therefore, alloying with Al, Cr and Cu elements improves the corrosion resistance of seawater corrosion-resistant steel in the marine splash zone, which ensures the service safety of offshore platforms.

     

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