Abstract: Copper alloys with excellent comprehensive properties play an irreplaceable role in key marine service components. Nevertheless, their wider application is severely restricted by single corrosion damage, coupled corrosion-wear damage and coupled corrosion-fatigue damage. Deep insight into the intrinsic correlation between damage behaviors and microstructures, as well as the synergistic interaction mechanisms between corrosion and wear, and between corrosion and fatigue, bears important research value. This review systematically summarizes the research advances regarding corrosion, corrosion-wear and corrosion-fatigue behaviors of typical precipitation-hardened and solid-solution-hardened Cu-Al and Cu-Ni base alloys, and clarifies the influences of diverse microstructural features (crystal structures, precipitated phases, annealing twins and precipitate-free zones) on damage mechanisms. Focusing on coupling interaction mechanisms, it reveals the nonlinear synergistic damage behaviors of copper alloys under multi-field coupling conditions from the perspectives of microstructural characteristics, tribological parameters (load, sliding velocity, testing duration, sliding distance) and fatigue parameters (strain amplitude, stress amplitude). In addition, this paper systematically evaluates mainstream process strategies for improving the resistance of copper alloys against corrosion, corrosion-wear and corrosion-fatigue, including alloying, heat treatment and plastic deformation. The advantages and drawbacks of each strategy are analyzed, which provides theoretical foundations and technical routes for the design and development of novel damage-resistant copper alloys. Finally, this work sorts out common characterization techniques and research methodologies adopted in coupled damage investigations, and prospects the potential and existing challenges of integrating these technologies to clarify the complex coupled damage evolution of copper alloys.