特殊钢精炼中的脱氧及夹杂物控制

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摘要特殊钢是针对客户提出的质量要求，钢厂不断改进工艺，逐步提高成分、尺寸精确度和洁净度的各类钢的总称。钢中总氧量［TO］是衡量钢洁净度的重要标识，对于不同的钢种，其控制要求也不尽相同。在脱氧精炼过程中，存在着脱氧元素-钢中溶解氧、钢-渣、钢液-夹杂物、钢液-耐火材料、渣-耐火材料的反应与平衡，对钢中夹杂物的数量、组成和形态具有重要影响。通过热力学计算，比较了不同脱氧剂的脱氧能力，并介绍了典型特殊钢种（轴承钢、弹簧钢、帘线钢、电工钢、易切削钢等）精炼过程中的脱氧及夹杂物控制，分析和讨论了不同脱氧元素与钢液、熔渣以及耐火材料之间的相互作用机制。

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	徐匡迪
	肖丽俊

关键词 ：特殊钢精炼, 洁净钢, 夹杂物控制, 脱氧

Abstract：Special steel is a general designation of certain types of steel with higher cleanness upgraded gradually by steel factories with promotion of process and equipment step by step according to the customer demands on product quality. The total oxygen content in steel is extremely important for its cleanness, the requirements of total oxygen for different steel is different. In the deoxidation refining process, the reactions will take place among the deoxidation elements, dissolved oxygen in the steel, molten steel, slag, inclusions, and refractory and evolve into balance. These reactions have an important impact on the quantity, composition and morphology of inclusions in the steel. So we make comparison of the deoxidation ability with different deoxidation elements by thermodynamic calculation. The deoxidation mechanism and the control of inclusions during the refining process of typical steels (bearing steel, spring steel, cord steel, electrical steel, free cutting steel etc.) were also introduced. The mechanism of interaction among different deoxidation elements, molten steel, slag and refractory was analyzed and discussed.

收稿日期: 2012-06-07 出版日期: 2012-10-30

引用本文:

徐匡迪，肖丽俊. 特殊钢精炼中的脱氧及夹杂物控制[J]. 钢铁, 2012, 47(10): 1-13. XU Kuang-di1,XIAO Li-jun2. Deoxidation and Inclusion Control in Special Steel Refining. Iron and Steel, 2012, 47(10): 1-13.

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