Discussion on smelting characteristics and problems of blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection
ZHANG Shuhui1, WU Xiaozhang1, LIU Ran1, LAN Chenchen1, YAO Hongyong2, JI Heng2
1. College of Metallurgy and Energy, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, Hebei, China; 2. Materials Technology Research Institute, HBIS, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
Abstract：The smelting process of blast furnace has high energy consumption and high CO2 emission, which is the key point of energy saving and emission reduction in iron and steel industry. In the face of increasingly serious energy crisis and environmental problems, it has become a common understanding to achieve carbon emission reduction in blast furnace smelting process. Under the above background, the blast furnace injection hydrogen-rich gas smelting technology has been widely concerned by metallurgical workers. The main purpose of this technology is to replace carbon with hydrogen, reduce the consumption of carbon reducing agent and achieve the emission reduction of CO2 in the blast furnace. Based on the thermodynamic analysis of the combustion reaction of hydrogen rich gas in front of tuyere, the smelting characteristics, existing problems and solving measures of blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection are discussed systematically, and the future research work is prospected. The results show that compared with the traditional blast furnace smelting, the smelting characteristics of the blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection have changed significantly: hydrogen rich gas can promote the reduction of iron ore, reduce the FeO content in the initial slag, reduce the slag content, and the melting point, reduce the pressure difference of the soft melt zone, as well as improve the air permeability. Hydrogen-rich gas injection is easy to reduce the temperature of the lower part of the blast furnace, and develop the air flow towards the center. It can promote the gasification reaction of coke in massive zone and affect the contact characteristics of coke and slag iron in high temperature zone. When the blast furnace of hydrogen-rich gas injection plays the advantage of hydrogen reduction, there are still some problems, such as insufficient heat in the lower part, reduced pulverized coal combustion rate and serious pulverized iron ore. For the smelting process of blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection, it is suggested to strengthen on the mechanism research of interaction among hydrogen abundance of gas, metal iron carburizing and coke properties, and to explore the reasonable operating profile of blast furnace type. The raw fuel conditions suitable for blast furnace smelting with hydrogen-rich gas injection should be developed, and the development of hydrogen gas transportation, storage and injection equipment should be accelerated in order to promote the industrial implementation of smelting of blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection.
张淑会, 武校章, 刘然, 兰臣臣, 么洪勇, 纪恒. 喷吹富氢气体高炉冶炼特点及存在问题的探讨[J]. 钢铁, 2024, 59(1): 1-11.
ZHANG Shuhui, WU Xiaozhang, LIU Ran, LAN Chenchen, YAO Hongyong, JI Heng. Discussion on smelting characteristics and problems of blast furnace with hydrogen-rich gas injection[J]. Iron and Steel, 2024, 59(1): 1-11.
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