钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉喷吹焦炉煤气的减排能力

doi:10.13228/j.boyuan.issn0449-749x.20220495

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摘要高炉喷吹焦炉煤气可以充分发挥氢还原的作用,实现高炉冶炼的低碳绿色发展。为了分析高炉喷吹焦炉煤气的减排能力,以钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉的现场生产数据和炉内理化反应为基础建立质能平衡模型,研究焦炉煤气喷吹量对风口理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气CO₂排放量的影响;建立一定约束条件下喷吹焦炉煤气的操作窗口,讨论其降碳减排能力。研究结果表明,在一定的富氧率、焦比、煤比和风温下,随着焦炉煤气喷吹量的增加,风口理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气CO₂排放量均降低。当风温和煤比一定时,通过提高富氧率可以实现喷吹焦炉煤气高炉的热量补偿。随着焦炉煤气喷吹量的增加,富氧率提高、焦比降低。不喷吹焦炉煤气,钒钛磁铁矿高炉在富氧率为3%、焦比为380.0 kg/t(Fe)、煤比为130 kg/t(Fe)、风温为1 200 ℃操作条件正常运行时,其风口理论燃烧温度为2 075 ℃、炉顶煤气温度最低为120 ℃;当焦炉煤气喷吹量为55 m³/t(Fe)时,可以维持与不喷吹焦炉煤气时相同的理论燃烧温度和炉顶煤气温度,相应的富氧率为5.63%、焦比为371 kg/t,炉顶CO₂排放量为684 kg/t(Fe);与不喷吹焦炉煤气相比,焦比降低9 kg/t(Fe),炉顶煤气CO₂排放量降低27.1 kg/t(Fe)。以理论燃烧温度为1 900 ℃、炉顶温度为110 ℃为约束条件,计算得到钒钛磁铁矿高炉可接受的焦炉煤气喷吹量可提高至185 m³/t(Fe),此时的富氧率为4.9%;与不喷吹焦炉煤气相比,焦比和炉顶煤气CO₂排放量分别降低49.7 kg/t(Fe)和103.0 kg/t(Fe),达到了显著的降碳减排效果。

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	张淑会
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	胡启晨
	吕庆
	郄亚娜

关键词 ：焦炉煤气喷吹, 氢还原, 数学模型, 理论燃烧温度, 降碳减排

Abstract：Injecting coke oven gas (COG)into blast furnace can play the adequate role of hydrogen reduction to realize the low-carbon green development of blast furnace smelting. In order to analyze the emission reduction ability of coke oven gas injected into blast furnace, the quality and energy balance model was established based on the production data and physi-chemical reactions in the blast furnace smelting with vanadium titanomagnetites to explore the effects of COG injection on the theoretical combustion temperature of tuyere and CO₂ emission of top gas. Furthermore, the operation window under certain restrain conditions was established in order to discuss the carbon and emission reduction ability of COG injection. The results show that under a certain oxygen enrichment rate, coke ratio, coal ratio and air temperature, the theoretical combustion temperature of tuyere and the CO₂ emission of top gas decrease with increasing COG injection content. The heat in the blast furnace with COG injection can be supplemented by increasing the oxygen enrichment rate under the condition of fixed air temperature and coal ratio. The oxygen enrichment rate increases with the increase of COG injection content, and the coke ratio decreases. For the vanadium-titanomagnetite blast furnace without COG injection, the tuyere theoretical combustion temperature is 2 075 ℃, and the furnace top gas temperature is at least 120 ℃ under the operating conditions of oxygen enrichment rate 3%, coke ratio 380.0 kg/t(Fe), coal ratio 130 kg/t(Fe), and air temperature 1 200 ℃. When the injection volume of coke oven gas is 55 m³/t(Fe), the same theoretical combustion temperature and top gas temperature as that of blast furnace without COG injection can be obtained. Correspondingly, the oxygen enrichment rate is 5.63%, the coke ratio is 371 kg/t, and the top CO₂ emission is 684 kg/t(Fe); Compared with non-injection of COG, the coke ratio and CO₂ emission are reduced by 9 kg/t(Fe) and 27.1 kg/t(Fe), respectively. When the theoretical combustion temperature is 1 900 ℃ and top gas temperature is 110 ℃, the acceptable COG injection volume content for vanadium-titanomagnetite blast furnace is increased to 185 m³/t(Fe) with an oxygen enrichment rate of 4.9%. In comparison with non-injection of COG, a significant effect on carbon and emission reduction is obtained with the coke ratio reduced by 49.7 kg/t(Fe)and the CO₂ emission reduced by 103.0 kg/t(Fe).

Key words： coke oven gas injection hydrogen reduction mathematical model theoretical combustion temperature carbon and emission reduction

收稿日期: 2022-07-25

引用本文:

张淑会, 邵建男, 毕忠新, 胡启晨, 吕庆, 郄亚娜. 钒钛磁铁矿冶炼高炉喷吹焦炉煤气的减排能力[J]. 钢铁, 2023, 58(2): 39-46. ZHANG Shu-hui, SHAO Jian-nan, BI Zhong-xin, HU Qi-chen, Ly Qing, QIE Ya-na. Emission reduction ability of coke oven gas injection into blast furnace for smelting vanadium titanomagnetite[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(2): 39-46.

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