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2009 Vol. 44 No. 8
Published: 2009-08-15
综合论述
1
TANG Di;GUO Qiang;SONG Yong
Development and Advancement of Hot Strip Automation System
The development and current situation of hot strip automation system in China is briefed. The multilevel computer control system and independently developed key technologies are introduced, which include integrative batch planning for steelmakingcontinuous castinghot rolling, middleware for process automation, integrated shape control technologies in hot strip mills, high precision mathematical model and algorithm, etc. Finally, the prospects of technologies of hot strip automation system are put forward.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 1-0 [
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原料与炼铁
7
ZHAO Zhixing;WANG Yingsheng;XU Meng;PAN Wen
Application of Pilbara Blend Iron Ore in Shougang
Sintering fundamental characteristics and sinter pot test of Pilbara Blend iron ore has been discussed. The results show that 20% of PBF has no adverse effect on sinter production .Moisture content must be increased to improve sinter production index if PBF ratio in sinter mix is more than 30%. The reliable laboratory and trial test results contribute the smooth transition of PBF in shougang’s sinter plant. And there is almost no influence on technical index.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 7-0 [
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11
SI Xinguo;LU Xionggang;ZHAO Ermin;ZHANG Yuzhu;ZHANG Qingjun;LIU Limei
Mechanism Study of Intensity of Low Silicon Sinter
The intensity of the low silicon sinter is studied by fractal theory. The results show that it is workable to character microstructure of sinter quantificationally, the value of fractal dimension is 1.11.6; The value of fractal dimension and intensity reach to the max when the temperature of the sintering is 1300 ℃. The intensity is increased with the adding of fractal dimension on the either side of 1300 ℃. The fractal dimension and the intensity is increased with the adding of sintering temperature below 1300 ℃, but the regularity is not obvious above 1300 ℃. The mechanism of the temperature controlling of macro sintering experiment quantificationally(its value is 1300 ℃) is characterized.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 11-0 [
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15
JIN Jun;WU Yi;JIANG Jihui
Study on Sintering Technique for High Ratio of Limonite
The suitable process parameters with high ratio of limonite were put forward through studying optimization of ore blending, different basicity, silica and MgO content of sinter, different size of limestone. The experiment results show that size of limestone has a great influence on sinter indices. When <1 mm of limestone is reduced, not only productivity is improved, but also TI of sinter is reformed and fuel consumption is reduced.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 15-0 [
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20
JIAO Hongguang;LIU Peng;CHEN Qingru;
Study on Quality Distribution and Maceral Properties of Pulverized Coal for Blast Furnace Injection
To find out the quality distribution and maceral properties of fine coal for blast furnace injection, a sample produced by a colliery in Luoyang was used. Take advantage of Xray diffractometer and vibrating sample magnetometer, three quality specifications as ash, sulfur and magnetic susceptibility of different size of pulversized fine coal were inspected respectively；the maceral properties of different size ranges of milling fine coal were also studied. The results show that these three quality indexes all progressivly reducing along with the decreasing of pulversized coal particle size. The relationship between these three indexes and size is caused by the difference of grinding ability between minerals and coal, as well as the difference of magnetic；so a new dry magntic beneficating process for coarse coal powder can be implanted in existing fine coal preparation system.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 20-0 [
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炼钢
24
QIN Zhe;SUN Yanhui;CAI Kaike
Study on Improvement of Machinability of 45 Steel
Based on BOF→LF→CC production process of Shijiazhuang steel plant, the research on addition of sulfur and calcium to 45 steel in order to improve machinability was carried out. The results show that the ratio of the fusiform inclusion is 57% when ［S］, T［Ca］, ［Al］s in steel is 0.06%, 40×10-6, 0.01% respectively; the inclusions less than 2.5 μm in size account for 82% and the tiny inclusions dispersed in steel. Thermal simulation tests show that the ductility transition temperature of this steel is 11001000 ℃, the cooling water flow in every secondary cooling segment were calculated by the solidification thermal transmission model. The comparison experiments on mechanical property and machinability between calciumsulfur freecutting steel and 45 steel show that the two kinds of steel have the same mechanical property; the machinability of calciumsulfur freecutting steel is superior to 45 steel. The tool life machining calciumsulfur freecutting steel is 25% longer than 45 steel.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 24-0 [
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29
ZHAO Dingguo;L Xiaofang;WANG Shuhuan;BAI Yanjiang
Analysis of High Nitrogen Steels Refining Factors With High Pressure and BottomBlown Nitrogen
Characters of high nitrogen steels refining with high pressure and bottomblown nitrogen was expounded. Thermal state miniative experiments in the laboratory was carried out and confirmed that the grade of factors which affect the nitrogen content in steels are pressure, the Cr content, the Mn content and temperature which the order is from high to low by analyzing the experimental data. Based on the experimental data and thermodynamic data, expressions of nitrogen content in high nitrogen steels have been established, and the nitrogen content can be calculated with different pressures, the content of different alloy and different temperatures.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 29-0 [
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34
MENG Xiangning;ZHU Miaoyong
Effect of Continuous Casting Mold Oscillation Parameters on Slab Surface Cracks Formation Under High Casting Speed
The stress and distortion of initial solidifying shell due to mold oscillation is the main reason of generating strand surface cracks. The effect of mold oscillation parameters on longitudinal and transverse slab surface cracks formation under high casting speed was analyzed through calculating the maximum liquid friction force and maximum dynamic flux channel pressure in meniscus with 2.0 m/min casting speed, and the principle of controlling oscillation parameters for reducing surface cracks was proposed in combination with the influence of oscillation parameters on the lubrication condition and oscillation state of mold. The results show that the possibility of surface cracks formation increases with oscillation frequency and amplitude, and the influence of oscillation frequency is stronger than that of amplitude. The possibility of tearing shell is depressed and the lubrication condition is improved with nonsinusoidal oscillation factor, but the oscillation marks is deepened and the oscillation impact is enhanced. The surface cracks formation can be restrained by decreasing oscillation frequency and increasing amplitude and nonsinusoidal oscillation factor properly.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 34-0 [
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39
HE Qingwen;WANG Bao;WANG Fuming;LIU Qing
Cause and Preventive Measure for Central Segregation of Bearing Steel Bloom
The reasons of central segregation of 260 mm×300 mm bearing steel bloom have been analyzed, and the effects of superheat and other factors on central segregation have been investigated. Based on the analysis, some countermeasures to prevent central segregation have been implemented according to the practice in Special Steel Plant of Laiwu Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. Technologies which is used to induce the center segregation contain lowering and stabilizing superheat, choosing reasonably casting speed, intensity of secondary cooling water and the parameters of electromagnetic stirring and so on.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 39-0 [
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42
WU Haofang;CHEN Zhiping;WEN Guanghua;XU Hailun
Influence of Nozzle Clogging on the Behavior of Molten Steel in Slab Mold
According to the results of onsite survey, effect of SEN with single port clogging on flow field, liquid slag and bubbles in mold was studied systematically by combining physical simulation and numerical simulation. Meanwhile, the trajectory of clogs with different volume in mold was investigated. The results show that nozzle with single port clogging would lead to asymmetric flow filed in both sides of mold. Comparing with the side of port clogging, the flow rate from the other side enhanced, which would reinforce the impact and enlarge the probability of slag entrapment. The amount of bubbles in the nonclogging side increased and the penetration of bubbles increased. In addition, after the clogs with different volume entering into the mold, the one with larger volume would easily float up to the free surface.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 42-0 [
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48
SUI Xiaohong;LI Ping;XIE Guangqun;LI Haohan
Analysis of Effect Factor on Transverse Rupture for Continuous Cast Billet
The inspection and analysis and the process thermal simulation test have been made by using metallographic microscope and SEM on the failure of transverse rupture in the containing silicon low carbon steel billets after continuous casting. The continuous casting billet bearing internal and external forces and their dependence with crack growth have been analyzed in the whole thermal process from liquid steel solidification to rupture as heating before rolling. The result indicates that the failure is mainly owing to the higher degree of superheat of cast molten steel, the slower cooling rate of solidified structure, and thus the serious coarsening grains were got, the greatly decreased strength of columnar crystal boundary, thus internal cracks during the process of reeling and curving of billet were formed. When reheating, the thermal stress makes the internal cracks sustainedly expanded and finally rupture. Therefore the most effective way to prevent billet from transverse rupture is to adjust the casting temperature of the containing silicon low carbon steel billet to a proper degree, so as to enhance the center equiaxed grain rate in the solidified structure.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 48-0 [
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52
LIANG Xiaoping;JIN Yang;WANG Yu;CHEN Tianming;ZENG Jianhua;ZHANG Min
Reason and Measure for Slag Buildup on RH Immerge Tube of Panzhihua Steel
The reason and measure for slag buildup on RH immerge tube under current process of Panzhihua Steel have been studied based on experimental analysis and thermodynamic calculation. After studying the matters of slag buildup on RH immerge tube, it was found that the crystallization of high melt point phase MgO·Al2O3 are main cause for slag buildup. The results of effect of refining slag compositions on slag buildup indicates that the effective measure for reduce slag buildup is to control the activities of phases with high melting point in order to decrease crystallization of it by improve slag basicity and the ratio of CaO/Al2O3, and reduce the content of MgO.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 52-0 [
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压力加工
56
WANG Dongcheng;MA Qinglong;LIU Hongmin;
Study of Backup Roll Contour Optimization for Cold Strip Temper Rolling Mill
To improve the precision of shape controlling, taking best shape as object function, a set of models were developed for optimizing backup roll contour of temper rolling mill. To optimize calculation speed, the original object function was transformed into another form, which avoided the coupling calculation between metal model and rolls model, obviously decreased calculation time and increased models’ robustness. The optimization result was used in 900 mm temper rolling mill of Ling Steel. Productive practice shows that shape control ability of the mill is apparently enhanced, and the bending force is decreased, and the effect of shape control is enhanced.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 56-0 [
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60
WANG Genji.;LI Jing;HE Yuanchun;ZHAO Dewen;LIU Xianghua
Reduced Steel Rolling of HSLA Heavy Plate
By expressing the equipment potential, with direct rolling at austenite recrystallization zone and fast cooling process, a new lowcost CMn Q345 series heavy plate of 6085 mm in thickness were produced in some 4300 mm wide and heavy plate mill, the Zdirection properties are meet with Z35. The test results show that the new technology can short 2 min rolling time and improve the yield of mill, it’s also promote iron and steel industry’s developing continuously.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 60-0 [
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64
JIANG Xiao;NAN Ning;YU Wei;LI Fei;LI Bin
Study of Short Stroke Control Model of Shougang Qiangang 2160 Hot Strip Mill
During hot strip rolling process, short stroke control technology is necessary to avoid the fish tail and get rectangular ends. As for the problem of width excess of strip head and tail ends in Qiangang 2160 HSM, the setup and adaption principles of its SSC model were got by analyzing control program source code, and the influence of each human configuration parameter to the neural network SSC curve was evaluated by emulation, according to which the human configuration parameters and adaption parameters were adjusted in practice. The practice has showed that these measures reduced strip head and tail width deviation effectively.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 64-0 [
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钢铁材料
67
PAN Tao;LI Li;MA Yue;JIANG Bo;CUI Yinhui;SU Hang
Chemistry Design of SpallingResistant Wheel Steels and the Effect of Si Addition on Spalling Resistance
Utilizing ThermoCalc,a thermodynamic computational software, and Gleeble simulation tester, chemistry design of spallingresistant wheel steels was investigated. The computational results showed that increasing Si content as well as decreasing C content is effective to reduce tread spalling since they both elevate transformation temperature of wheel steels. And Gleeble simulation test provides the evidence of improved spalling resistance by Si addition in kinetics. However, as one of the two methods to improve spalling resistance, decreasing C brings about wearresistance reduction of wheel steel while Si addition increases the strength of wheel steels remarkably with slightly reduced ductility.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 67-0 [
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72
HOU Huaxing;YANG Ying;ZHANG Tao;LIU Ming
Study of Microstructure and Performance of Medium and Heavy Plate of 700 MPa Grade High Strength Steel by HTP
The microstructure and performance of high Nb ULCB steel under the condition of asrolled and tempered were researched by HTP. The chemical compositions of the steel contained about C 0.05%、Mn 1.85%、Nb 0.1% and other elements such as Cu、Ni、Cr、B and so on. The thermal simulation, smelting and rolling in laboratory and industrial trial were carried out. These experimental results indicated that the secondary started rolling temperature, cooling rate and tempered process after rolling had the obvious effects on the microstructure, the shape and number of precipitates of the steel. By combined appropriate HTP process with tempered procedure after rolling, the steel grade with the yield strength 700 MPa and high strength and high toughness could be obtained.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 72-0 [
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76
NIE Wenjin;WANG Zhifu;LI Ran;LI Yucang;ZHANG Xiaobing
mm Thickness of X80 Plates Production for the Second WesttoEast Natural Gas Transmission Pipeline by Using OHTP
According to the technical requirements of X80 heavy thickness plates for the second westtoeast natural gas transmission pipeline project and the capability of steelmaking and plate mill of Shagang, a HTP chemical design of low carbon and high niobium was adopted and the OHTP of control rolling and cooling for plates was developed. A mass production of 22 mm thickness of X80 plate and manufacturing of LSAW JCOE pipes of 22 mm×1219 mm were carried out. The results show that the mechanical properties, DWTT properties at -15 ℃ of plates and the yield/tensile ratio of the pipes were significantly improved by comparing that of HTP X80 plates. The absorb energy of Charpy Vnotch impact test at -80 ℃ remains at its top platform above 270 J, the 50% FATT is below -100 ℃. At -30 ℃, the DWTT fracture shear area is 90％, and 85％ DWTT value is at -34 ℃.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 76-0 [
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81
ZANG Huaxun;LUO Lin;XU Gang;XIAO Xueshan;ZHAO Junliang;ZHU Changchun
Effect of Nitrogen on Tensile Strength at Room Temperature and Creep Rupture Life of TP347H HeatResistant Austenitic Stainless Steel
The addition of nitrogen on austenitic steel TP347H can modify its structure and enhance its mechanical properties. The results show that when the content of added nitrogen is higher than 0.123%, the precipitation of ferrite can be effectively inhibited in the hightemperature solution. The addition of nitrogen also significantly improved the tensile strength at room temperature and creep rupture lift. Thus, the TP347H austenitic stainless steel containing nitrogen can be used as a heatresistant material in new highperformance ultrasupercritical thermal power units.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 81-0 [
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85
LIU Bingyu;YU Jingyuan;LI Baomian;CUI Jianzhong
Fatigue Behaviour of a 400 MPa Grade Nb Microalloyed Steel
Flexural behavior of Nb microalloyed steel SQ390 with stress ratio of -0.82 and -1 were investigated by using fourpoint flexural fatigue experiments. Fracture morphology was observed with SEM and Soderberg formula was demonstrated by experimental results. The results show that flexural fatigue curves of the SQ390 steels presented linear. Flexural fatigue at different stress ratio were 275 and 256 MPa, respectively. Flexural cracks lied at the surface of the SQ390 steels. Soderberg formula was well applicable to the results of fourpoint flexural fatigue experiments of microalloyed steel.
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89
FANG Yuan;LIU Yazheng;ZHOU Leyu;SONG Renbo;HUANG Quanwei
Effect of Martensite Volume Fraction on Deformation Dislocation Structure and Fracture for Hot Rolled DualPhase Steel
Effect of martensite volume fraction on deformation dislocation structure and fracture for hot rolled dualphase steel of the same composition was studied by using SEM and TEM. The results show that effect of martensite volume fraction on deformation dislocation structure of DP steel is little when martensite volume fraction is between 20% and 30%. And martensite would appear both region of high dislocation density and region of low dislocation density after deformation. Furthermore, the micropore in DP steel would change into microcrack when martensite volume fraction reached 30%. Meanwhile necking appeared early. So when martensite volume fraction was 20%, forming property of DP steel was better than the DP steel whose martensite volume fraction was 30%.
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环保与能源
93
SHI Lei;CHEN Ronghuan;WANG Ruyi
Experimental Study on Stability of Baosteel Rotary Cylinder Steel Slag
Basic properties and size distribution of rotary cylinder steel slag are analyzed, a set of slag stability detecting device is invented and through which several influencing factors (such as, slag size, soak period, water bath temperature and load weight, et al.)are carried out on slag stability. Moreover, in order to get preliminary evidences for engineering utilization, the relations between fCaO content and volume expansibility is also discussed when the slag soaked within the water bath.
2009 Vol. 44 (8): 93-0 [
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CHI Jinbao;ZHAO Min;CANG Daqiang;ZHANG Xuefeng;CHANG Ruiqing
Experimental Study on Water Quality Stabilization Using the Low Frequency Electromagnetic Treatment of Reclaimed Water
According to scaling and corrosion problems during operation process of circulating cooling water, a water quality stabilization experiment was conducted on treatment reclaimed water with low frequency gradient electromagnetic field. The effects of electromagnetic treatment on scale and corrosion inhibition were mainly investigated. The experimental results show that scaling and corrosion problems on nonheattransfer surface could be controlled significantly. The fouling deposition rate and the corrosion rate were reduced to 35.02 mg/(cm2·month) and 0.136 mm/a under dynamic simulation test from 56.85 mg/(cm2·month) and 0.834 mm/a under static test respectively, and were both keeping decreasing. But scaling problem on heattransfer surface was serious, the fouling deposition rate was 184.59 mg/(cm2·month), but the corrosion rate could be controlled significantly, which was 0.158 mm/a. Through XRD(XRay Diffraction) analysis, it was found that the massive Mg2+ in reclaimed water could inhibit the scale inhibition of electromagnetic treatment, while promoting the formation of compact MgFe2O4 protective film on iron surface under electromagnetic treatment, which is against corrosion.
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