IRON AND STEEL

钢铁

Home | About Journal | Editorial Board | Instruction for Authors | Subscriptions | Advertisement | Contacts Us | Chinese

　

Office Online

　

　

　

　

　

　

Editor-in-chief

　

Journal Online

　

　

Forthcoming Articles

　

　

　

　

Download Articles

　

　

Quick Search

Advanced Search

	2016 Vol. 51 No. 8
	Published: 2016-08-16

	1	NIU Fu-sheng，NI Wen，，ZHANG Jin-xia，FAN Dun-cheng，
		Current situation and development of comprehensive utilization of metallurgical dusts and slimes in China
		The effective and comprehensive utilization of metallurgical dusts and slimes have been the focus of the government， research institutions and enterprises. The technologies in treating processes and application of metallurgical dusts and slimes were generalized in this paper according to their sources，components and size characteristics. The suggestions of future development of technologies in the utilization of metallurgical dusts and slimes in China were proposed.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 1-5 [Abstract] ( 810 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 62 )

	6	MAO Yan-li，QU Yu-ling，LI Bo，JING Xin，ZHU Jian-bing
		Development and application potential analysis of carbon dioxide capture technology from flue gas in steel works
		The iron and steel industries in several countries have been carried out the development of carbon capture and sequestration （CCS） technology in recent years. The carbon dioxide capture cost approximately accounts for 70 percent of the total cost of CCS. Therefore，the reduction of the cost to capture the carbon dioxide becomes the major problem. The carbon dioxide capture processes developed by the steel works so far are mainly chemical absorption methods and physical adsorption methods，the costs in experimental scale have been reduced. The carbon dioxide capture technologies developed by Japanese steel works，such as Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal，South Korea’s POSCO and ChinaTaiwan’s China Steel etc are described and the industrial application potentials of the technologies are analyzed.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 6-10 [Abstract] ( 672 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 38 )

	11	LIU Qi-hang，WU Keng，DU Rui-ling，LI Xiao-ming
		Discussion of lump coal/char properties with its disintegration in COREX process
		The disintegration of lump coal is one of the most crucial limiting factor for COREX production. The law and the key control factors for lump coal disintegration in melting gasifier were analyzed by experiment and theoretical results. Coking and TG experiment were conducted to determine the evolution of lump coal’s high temperature strength and gasification kinetics， then the method to avoid the pulverization of lump coal was proposed based on the establishment of the relationship between heat transfer and lump coal’s disintegration. According to the results， the heat absorption ratio of lump coal accounted for 80% before the average temperature of lump coal reached 700 ℃， and the coal/char conversion only increased by 30%. Then the fast generation of lump coal fines at this stage appeared due to the low strength less than 30%， as well as the low initial gasification temperature and activation energy. At later coking stage， the coal/char conversion could increase by 20.4% with the heat absorption increased by every 10%， and the reactivity decreased by 8.36% and the fission strength increased by 7.75%. What’s more， the gasification activation energy was more than 230 kJ/mol which could be considered as the low disintegration of lump coal. As the results， the heat transfer at early stage is the limiting factor for the pulverization of lump coal in COREX.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 11-16 [Abstract] ( 743 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 64 )

	17	Lü Qing，TIAN Ye，LIU Xiao-jie，QIE Ya-na，LI Jian-peng，HUANG Hong-hu
		Roasting mechanism of pellet made from PMC and Sijiaying
		The effects of pre-heating temperature， pre-heating time， roasting temperature and roasting time on consolidation properties of the pellet were studied to utilize PMC. The pellet was composed of PMC and the PMC mineral to Sijiaying mineral powder was 7[∶]3. Results show that， when the preheating time is 10 min， the roasting time is 20 min， and the roasting temperature is 1 275 ℃， the compression strength of the pellet increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of pre-heating temperature. When the pre-heating temperature is 925 ℃， the compression strength of the pellet reaches the maximum， which is 2 765.75 N/per. When the pre-heating temperature is 925 ℃， the roasting time is 20 min and the roasting temperature is 1 275 ℃， the compression strength of the pellet increases from 2 646 N/per to 2 833.61N/per with the increase of pre-heating time. When the preheating time is 15 min， the roasting time is 10 min and the pre-heating temperature is 925 ℃， the compression strength of the pellet increases from 674.96 N/per to 2 503.83 N/per with the increase of roasting temperature. When the preheating time is 15 min， the pre-heating temperature is 925 ℃ and the roasting temperature is 1 300 ℃， the compression strength of the pellet increases from 2 503.83 N/per to 2 872.52 N/per with the increase of roasting time.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 17-23 [Abstract] ( 694 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 58 )

	24	ZHAO Dong-wei，LI Hai-bo，SUN Liang，ZHANG Yong
		Dephosphorization behavior of CaO-SiO2-FeO-10%MgO slag in BOF melting process
		An expression among phosphorus partition ratio， slag composition， carbon content in steel and temperature is regressed based on thermodynamic analysis of the dephosphorization behavior of CaO-SiO2-FeO-10%MgO slag system at the slag-steel interface， and the iso-phosphate partition ratio graph of the CaO-SiO2-FeO-10%MgO slag system is depicted by regression expression， and the effect of FeO content， basicity of slag and temperature in the endpoint of BOF smelting process on the phosphorus partition ratio is analyzed. The results show that phosphorus partition ratio is a function of temperature， carbon content and slag composition， which has been proved based on actual production data. According to the above equation， with the increasing of FeO content of slag， the distribution ratio[LP]of phosphorus between slag and steel first increases then decreases and reaches a maximum when FeO content is about 18%. With the increasing of basicity of slag， the distribution ratio[LP]of phosphorus between slag and steel increases and the increase amount is not obvious when the basicity of slag is over 4.0.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 24-28 [Abstract] ( 744 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 59 )

	29	LIU Xiao-liang，ZENG Jia-qing，WANG Jie，DAI Shi-fan，YANG Li-bin，YAO Tong-lu
		Water model about effect of bottom blowing on slag-steel interface
		By using water model to simulate the effect of bottom blowing on turbulence and mass transfer at the slag-steel interface during LD process， the current study aimed to investigate the effects of the gas flow rate and the number of bottom nozzles on the mass transfer and interface turbulence between slag and steel. The results showed that the mass transfer rate between slag and steel changed regularly under different conditions of bottom stirring. The study obtained the maximum mass transfer rate with the combination of the number of bottom nozzles and the gas flow rate. It also showed that the mass transfer rate can reach the maximum if the bottom blowing intensity of individual nozzle was 0.020-0.025 m3/（t·min）.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 29-34 [Abstract] ( 666 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 59 )

	35	REN Lei，ZHANG Li-feng，WANG Qiang-qiang，ZHAO Xing
		Formation mechanism of slag rim in 304 stainless steel continuous casting mold
		Formation and growth of slag rim in continuous casting mold is one of the important causes to worse slab quality. In this article，the chemical ingredient，physical-chemical properties，crystallized mineralogical phases，composition and structure of slag rim，original mold flux and mold flux for 304 stainless steel after 60 min from casting start were studied. The results show that TiO2 and Cr2O3 in molten steel moved into the mold flux and generated some oxides with high melting point during continuous casting process，during which the completely melting temperature and viscosity of mold liquid flux and slag rim increased obviously，while the basicity and break temperature decreased. The mold liquid flux and slag rim were mainly composed of cuspidine and gehlenite. The precipitation of high-melting-point phase gehlenite and the increasing of mold flux viscosity caused by TiO2 and Cr2O3 are the main causes to form the slag rim in mold.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 35-40 [Abstract] ( 866 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 60 )

	41	SONG Hui-dong，LI Jing，SHI Cheng-bin，YU Wen-tao，ZHU Qin-tian
		Evolution of inclusions in 8Cr13MoV steel during ESR process
		The evolution of inclusions during ESR and the microstructure of 8Cr13MoV martensitic stainless steel as-cast ingot were studied under the conditions of different current intensity and cooling rate. The results showed that， after electroslag remelting， the main inclusions of 8Cr13MoV steel were MnS， TiN， Al2O3 and complex inclusions（Al2O3 core surrounded by （Ti， V）N layer）. The change of current intensity and cooling rate of the ESR process had no effect on the types of inclusions. With the increase of the current intensity during ESR process， the number and the area ratio of inclusions in ESR ingot decreased， and the number of inclusions with small size increased. With the increase of the cooling rate during ESR process， the number of inclusions was almost constant， the area ratio of inclusions decreased， while the number of inclusions with small size increased， resulting in a refining distribution of inclusions.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 41-48 [Abstract] ( 643 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 45 )

	49	REN Xin-yi，GAO Hui-min，TANG Wei，QI Hai-feng，HU Jian-jun，LINGHU Ke-zhi
		Ultra wide strip wandering in continuous annealing furnace and initial shape based on pattern recognition
		For a series of problems such as the deceleration and stagnation of production line and the strip broken of ultra wide strip in continuous annealing furnace caused by wandering， the current study firstly determined that the initial flatness of strip was the key factor leading to wandering based on field experiment. Meanwhile， in order to quantitatively analyze the relationship between the initial flatness of ultra wide strip and the strip wandering in continuous annealing furnace， the offline data detected by flatness meter was recognized with shape basic pattern including third-order term， and then the influence of separate order of basic pattern flatness on the strip wandering in continuous annealing furnace was statistically analyzed. Finally， according to the relationship between actual field tracking of strip wandering and flatness data of separate order recognition， the control standard of strip flatness and process institution of continuous annealing furnace were formulated to prevent the strip wandering. Practical application results show that the monthly wandering rates of ultra wide strip decreased from 72.5% to 12.7%，and the line stagnation and strip broken accident caused by strip wandering never happened again， which had achieved great economic and social benefits.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 49-54 [Abstract] ( 646 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 60 )

	55	WU Hai-miao，LIU Hong-min，YU Bing-qiang，YANG Li-po
		Influence of temperature on interference fit of entire roller embedded shapemeter roll
		In the process of cold reversible strip flatness detected by entire roller embedded shapemeter roll， the contact condition of interference fit surface between the top surface of framework and the inner hole surface of roll body is affected by thermal deformation， so the cold strip flatness detection signal may be interrupted or even disappeared. For entire roller embedded shapemeter roll， the temperature differences and radial relative displacements of contact node pairs on the interference fit surface between the top surface of framework and the inner hole surface of roll body， were analyzed using the finite element technology in cold reversible rolling passes. The influences of temperature differences on radius relative displacements of the contact node pairs and the sensor pre-pressure were obtained. The results show that the maximum temperature difference of the contact node pair occurs in the third rolling pass， and most of radial relative displacements of contact node pairs exceed the value of interference fit， which makes the sensor pre-pressure be close to zero. So the transfer of pressure that the strip applied on the outer surface of shapemeter roll is seriously affected， and the shape measuring signal is interrupted.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 55-59 [Abstract] ( 617 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 52 )

	60	WU Di ，，LI Yong ，WANG Chun-xu ，FU Wan-tang ，TANG Jing-lin
		Precipitates and mechanical properties of 2 200 MPa secondary-hardening ulra-high strengh steel
		The effect of tempering temperature on the precipitates and mechanical properties of a Fe-Co-Ni-Cr-Mo-W 2 200 MPa secondary hardening ultra-high strength steel was studied by means of SEM， TEM， and physical chemical phase analysis. The results show that the steel had apparent phenomenon of secondary hardening during tempering. The tensile strength and yield strength reached peak at 490 and 530 ℃， and the peak strengths were respectively 2 243 and 1 859 MPa. The testing steel had good mechanical properties at 510 ℃. The tensile strength， the yield strength and the impact energy were respectively 2 185 MPa， 1 859 MPa and 35 J. When the temperature reached at 400-440 ℃， much more coarser cementite laminas were precipitated in and among martensitic laths. Because of the phenomenon of secondary hardening， when the temperature exceeded 470 ℃， the martensite lath precipitated a large number of uniformly distributed M2C carbides and a small amount of Laves phase -Fe2W. With the increasing of tempering temperature， the content of Mo and W elements increased， and the content of Fe and Cr decreased in type M2C carbide.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 60-63 [Abstract] ( 743 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 66 )

	64	PENG Tao，，CAO Jian-chun，YANG Gang，ZHAO Ji-qing
		Effect of preheat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AMS 6308 steel
		The effect of preheat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of AMS 6308 steel was investigated experimentally by means of SEM， TEM and mechanical properties tests. The results show that with elevating the normalizing?temperature， M6C carbides dissolve gradually and grain size is small when normalized below 980 ℃， the martensite lath size is small， spherical and axiolitic M6C carbides precipitate along lath boundaries and grain boundaries， the content of M6C carbides and the dislocation density is very high after quenching， which leads to an increase of strength and toughness. While the steel sample is normalized above 980 ℃， the strength and toughness decrease duo to the increase of the martensite packet size and the decrease of the content of M6C carbides and the dislocation density. The recommended preheat treatment process includes： normalizing at 980-1 010 ℃， and tempering at 680-700 ℃， AMS 6308 steel shows a good combination of strength and toughness after property heat treatment.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 64-69 [Abstract] ( 869 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 60 )

	70	LI Chen，XU Hong-ji，XIE Ming，DONG Qiang
		Microstructure and mechanical properties of welding joint of 05CuPCrNi steel by plasma arc welding
		In order to study the advantages of plasma arc welding in weathering steel plate， in the current study， thick 05CuPCrNi atmospheric corrosion resistant steel with 2 mm thick was respectively butt-welded by plasma arc and MAG butt welding. The welding joints were then tested by stretching， bending， metallographic， and hardness test. By comparison with the MAG welding joints in microstructure and mechanical properties， the results show that the strength of the welding joint of 05CuPCrNi atmospheric corrosion resistant steel by plasma arc welding strength was relatively increased by 6%， the ferrite and pearlite in welding joint organizations were more uniform and fine， no coarse massive ferrite and bainite appeared in MAG welding. The welding heat affected zone was narrow and the bending properties of welding joints by plasma arc welding wass good， while the hardness and hardness distribution were similar with that by MAG and no softening phenomenon occurred.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 70-75 [Abstract] ( 749 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 64 )

	76	ZHANG Jun，DAI Xiao-tian，YAN Ding-liu
		New smelting-separation process based on hot air-coal combustion dealing with metallurgical solid wastes
		In order to make better use of metallurgical solid wastes， the smelting-separation process based on coal combustion was explored to deal with iron-bearing materials with a large amount of slag. The results of heat-balance calculation revealed the advantage of hot air-coal combustion process， based on which a new smelting-separation process was proposed and studied through experiments to discuss its feasibility. The iron yield increased with the fixed carbon content in pellets， which exceeded 94% when the combustion ratio of oxygen to carbon was lower than 1.0. Compared to the traditional injection process of pulverized coal， higher melting efficiency of pellets is insured in reducing atmosphere in the new smelting-separation process， which has an advantage to deal with metallurgical solid wastes with a large amount of slag.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 76-80 [Abstract] ( 652 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 34 )

	81	SHI Qi，，ZHAO Xian-cong，，BAI Hao，，XING Wen-long，，ZHANG Zhi-hui
		Short-term distribution model of byproduct gases in iron and steel enterprise
		In iron and steel production，around 34% of the coal energy is converted into byproduct gases. In order to improve the energy efficiency of byproduct gas，the current study proposed an improved mixed integer linear programming（MILP） model which treated the minimum of operation cost as the objective function and regarded the mass balance， the energy and the operation parameters as the constraint conditions，to optimize byproduct gas distribution in a steel plant in China. Compared with previous models，this model improved the adjustment accuracy of the boiler model which would reflect the real operation better. Since the most important thing in the byproduct gas scheduling is to sustain the stability of the whole system， the current study defined the sum of standard deviation volume[（SSDV）]and sum of switching percentage[（SSP）]to evaluate the stability of gasholders and boilers，and Pareto optimality was applied to select reasonable penalty factors. Calculation results demonstrate that compared with manual operation，the planning of the optimal distribution of byproduct gases proposed in this study can reduce the fluctuation of the gasholders and the load of the boilers to make the operation of the byproduct gas system safe and stable.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 81-89 [Abstract] ( 693 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 72 )

	90	LI Hong-juan，XIONG Wen-zhen
		Prediction and optimal operation on byproduct gas system in steel enterprises
		In iron and steel enterprises， the volume of byproduct gas system fluctuates frequently， the imbalance phenomenon is serious and the byproduct gas balance between supply and demand has enormous influence on the enterprise’s production cost and energy consumption. There are various processes and equipment relating to variety of energy medium. Combined the property with support vector machine classification， the HP filter， Elman neural network and least squares support vector machine were applied to establish the SVC-HP-ENN-LSSVM forecasting model， and the optimization operation was made according to the characteristics of the energy-using equipment， energy utilization and the predicted results. The application of the model showed that the predicted average relative error values of byproduct gas were under the 4% which can meet the requirement of industrial production. The forecast results of optimization scheduling solved the imbalance of gas system， and when it was applied to the steel business typical working， about 10% of main process energy consumes was saved. Assuming there are 330 days operation in a year，the self-provided power plant can produce more than 104 148 t steam which can save 9 998 208 kg standard coal.
		2016 Vol. 51 (8): 90-94 [Abstract] ( 606 ) [HTML 0KB] [PDF 0KB] ( 66 )

钢铁

　

News

　

　

·

·

·

·

·

　　　　　　　　　　More

　

Author Center

　

　

Instruction for Authors

　

　

Copyright Agreement

　

Links

　

·	Links

　　　　　　　　　　More

Copyright © IRON AND STEEL　
Supported by: Beijing Magtech