Effect of V on microstructure and mechanical properties of wheel steel
WAN Zhi-jian1,2,3, ZHAO Hai1,2,3, LIU Xue-hua1,2,3, ZHANG Jian1,2,3
1. National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Key Parts of Rail Transit, Maanshan 243000, Anhui, China; 2. Key Parts of Rail Transit Technology Innovation Center of Anhui Province, Maanshan 243000, Anhui, China; 3. Maanshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243000, Anhui, China
Abstract：The microalloy elements V,Nb and Ti added to the steel can combine with the C and N elements in the steel to play the role of precipitation strengthening and fine grain strengthening,thus improving the overall performance of the steel. In order to study the effect of V on microstructure and mechanical property distribution of high-carbon wheel steel,two heats of test steel with the mass percent of C of about 0.60% were smelted in a 200 kg vacuum furnace,and the mass percent of V was 0 and 0.07% respectively. The heat treatment simulated field production and the process remained consistent. After heat treatment,microstructure morphology observation and ferrite volume percent analysis were carried out by optical microscope. Tensile fracture and pearlite lamellae spacing observation were carried out by scanning electron microscope. Pearlite cluster size analysis was carried out by EBSD. The morphology of precipitates was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the test steel were tested. The results show that the addition of V can increase the ferrite volume percent at the same depth under the surface by 1.7%-4.8%,and the standard deviation is reduced by 6.1%-72.5%,and the ferrite volume percent at the adjacent depth changes less,and the microstructure uniformity is better. It can make the size of pearlite cluster finer and the number of small angular grain boundaries (5°-15°) increase significantly,so that the average grain size at the same depth under the surface is increased by about 0.5 grade,the standard deviation is reduced by 9%-17%,and the grain size is more uniform,which basically does not affect the change of austenite grain size at adjacent depths. V can make the pearlite layer spacing at the same depth under the surface reduced by about 20% and the standard deviation reduced by 10%-17%,and slightly reduce the gradient change of pearlite layer spacing at the adjacent depth. Element V can improve the tensile strength about 12%,yield strength about 25%,hardness about 10%,impact energy 9%-25% at the same depth under the surface,and reduce the hardness gradient at adjacent depths,which makes the test steel hardness uniformity better and impact energy fluctuation smaller. It has little effect on plasticity.
万志健, 赵海, 刘学华, 张建. 钒对车轮钢组织及力学性能的影响[J]. 钢铁, 2023, 58(5): 104-111.
WAN Zhi-jian, ZHAO Hai, LIU Xue-hua, ZHANG Jian. Effect of V on microstructure and mechanical properties of wheel steel[J]. Iron and Steel, 2023, 58(5): 104-111.
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2023, Vol. 58 
