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2006 Vol. 41 No. 12
Published: 2006-12-15
综合论述
1
LIN Qizeng;LI Cheng
Rapidly Growing Stainless Steel Industry in China
The rapid growth of China stainless steel market goes with the everincreasing stainless steel consumption in China, which has been evidenced by yearly increment of 22.3% over the past 5 years.The total stainless steel capacity currently available in China in 8.75 million tons, the output of 400 series stainless steel and its percentage in stainless steel production has risen significantly. China has found a group of stainless steel makers,they are competitive both in production technology and equipment level. Chinese stainless steel makers will restructure for higher concentration.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 1-0 [
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7
HU Mingyang
Technology Improvement and Development of Special Steel Industry
With the change of steel industry in China from a large production towards a strong one,the special steel industry in China fully enters to a new period of readjustment during the llth fireyear plan,enclosing development with technology improvement.Recent situation of special steel market,development and technology improvement of special steel industry are introduced.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 7-0 [
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原料与炼铁
10
LI Qian;HUANG Zhucheng;JIANG Tao;YANG Yongbin;LI Guanghui
Effect of Dolomite and Serpentine on Sinter Quality and Microstructure
The effect of dolomite and serpentine on sinter quality and microstructure was studied. Results show that the drum index is decreased and the content of MgO is increased by adding dolomite in sinter, while by adding serpentine, the drum index and the content of MgO are increased. The reason is that in sinter added with dolomite, the main mineral components are calcium ferrite and skeletal hematite surrounded by a large quantity of glassphase silicate and weak cracks. In addition, the sinter is porous with large thin wall holes. And in second case, the main mineral components of sinter are magnetite and calcium ferrite. With increased content and grain size of limeferrite olivine, the holes are of thick wall and medium size, so the drum index is increased.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 10-0 [
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15
WANG Chengli;L Qing;MA Mingxin;LIU Shuguang;HOU Dahua
Potassium Capacity of BF Slag
In order to reduce harmful effect of alkali metals on blast furnace operation, improve the alkali capacity of BF slag, the potassium capacity of BF slag was studied at 1723 K using gasslag equilibrium technique. According to the real composition of BF slag at Guangzhou steel, the pure chemistry reagents were used to make the slags，the slags were equilibrated with a mixture gas of K(g)COCO2Ar to provide the partial pressure of oxygen and potassium. Under the experimental condition, it is shown that at fixed MgO and Al2O3 contents the potassium capacity is decreased with increasing w(CaO)/w(SiO2) ratio, at constant w(CaO)/w(SiO2) ratio and Al2O3 content the increase of MgO content results in the increase of potassium capacity, the rising Al2O3 content at fixed w(CaO)/w(SiO2) ratio and MgO content significantly increases the potassium capacity, and at constant (w(CaO)+w(MgO))/w(SiO2) ratio and Al2O3 content, the potassium capacity increases apparently with increasing MgO content and decreasing CaO content. The proper composition of slag at Guangzhou steel is:w(CaO)/w(SiO2)=1.0, MgO content in the range of 12%15%, Al2O3 content less than 15%.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 15-0 [
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19
WU Gangsheng;BIAN Meizhu;SHEN Fengman
Use of MagnesiumBearing Basic Pellet and Reasonable Burden Design
Use of magnesium bearing green basic pellet can improve quality of oxidized pellet and operation of blast furnace. The metallurgical properties of basic pellet were analyzed theoretically and reasonable BF burden design at Baogang was studied. Results show that the reasonable MgO content of magnesium bearing basic pellet and sinter is 1.8% and basicity of sinter is 1.7. Under current conditions of Baogang, it is feasibile to produce magnesium bearing basic pellet by adding ground lightly burnt dolomite.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 19-0 [
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22
ZHU Zizong;DIAO Yuechuan;LIAO Donghai;WANG Xinghai;RONG Chenyang
Effect of Coke Additive on Quality of Coke at Nanjing Steel
The thermal properties of cokes, such as hotcoke, coldcoke and coke on wharf by spray with coke additive was measured at Nanjing Steel. The coking tests with 4 coal blending schemes were carried out on 20 kg test oven to study the effect of coke additive on coke quality. The best technology index of coke additive spray was obtained, then an application experiment on the coke sprayed with coke additive was carried out at coking plant and No.3 blast furnace in the ironmaking plant. The practice shows that coke additive can improve obviously thermal properties of coke, making No.3 blast furnace work smoothly, increase obviously output of hot metal and decrease coke rate up to great economic benefits.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 22-0 [
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炼钢
26
CHEN Zhihui;WANG Engang;ZHANG Xingwu;HE Jicheng
Behavior of Meniscus in Slab Caster Mold Under Electromagnetic Field
The behavior of fluid flow at meniscus under the single strip electromagnetic field basically expressed as the level fluctuation was studied by the thermal simulation experiment on PbSnBi low melting point alloy. The results show that the level fluctuation of molten metal in mold could be controlled by the strength of magnetic field. When the nozzle outlets are angled at 30 degree downwards, the magnitude of average level fluctuation was minimal at 0.5 T. In addition, imposing of magnetic field increases the temperature of molten metal at meniscus remarkably. This is an indirect witness of reduced penetration depth of molten metal stream. In this way, the flotation and removal of nonmetallic inclusions are promoted.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 26-0 [
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30
ZHU Guosen;ZHU Zhiyuan;WANG Yanfeng;LIU Jianhui;BAI Xuejun
Control of Transverse Corner Cracking of Nb Steel Slab
The optical microscope and SEM were applied to analyze the formation mechanism of transverse corner cracks of Nb microalloyed steel slab. It is found that the cracks occur at relatively low temperature in unbending section due to unbending strain because the corner temperatures of slab in this section is in No.3 brittle zone of Nb steel first, then the corner temperatures of slab is changed greatly due to the casting speed fluctuation, and third the temperature difference between corners at both sides of slab is large due to misfunction of sprayers. Increasing casting speed and decreasing the cooling water flux at slab corners in the unbending section for mild cooling were performed first to control corner temperature above the upper limit in No.3 brittle zone of Nb steel. As a result, the corner temperature of slab was increased apparantly and transverse corner cracking was minimized, but central segregation was got worsely. And then increasing the cooling water flux at corner for intensive cooling was applied to make corner temperature below the lower limit in No.3 brittle zone. Great diminution of both transverse corner cracking and central segregation was achieved finally.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 30-0 [
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33
QIN Zhe;YAN Guoan;SUN Yanhui;XU Zhongbo;CAI Kaike
Effect of Sulphur Content on Hot Ductility of MediumCarbon Steel
Gleeble1500 was used to test the hot ductility of rolled mediumcarbon 45 steel bars from continuously cast billets with sulphur contents of 0.016% and 0.06% respectively. The results show that the hot ductility of low sulphur steel is higher than that of high sulphur steel but with similar hot strength; the ductilebrittle transition temperature zone of high sulphur steel is 1100~1000 ℃, and hot ductility in longitudinal direction is better than that in transverse direction. The results of SEMEDX indicate that the amount of precipitated particles of (Mn,Fe)S on grain boundary of fracture are increased with increasing sulphur content, while the bond strength between grains and the hot ductility RA value are reduced, and sensitivity to crack is increased.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 33-0 [
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36
CHEN Yong;YANG Subo;ZHU Miaoyong
Key Technologies of Internal Quality Control for Continuously Cast HighSpeed Rail Steel Bloom
The key technologies of internal quality control for continuously cast rail steel bloom at Panzhihua steel, such as mold electromagnetic stirring (MEMS), secondary cooling regime, and dynamic soft reduction at the end of solidification, and their results are introduced. The practice in recent 3 years shows that the above mentioned key technologies are helpful to control rail steel bloom central defects, such as central segregation, center looseness and central crack. The internal quality of continuously cast rail steel bloom was superior, the yield of liquid steel was up to 98.55%, the qualified rate of blooms was 99.97%, the grade of center looseness, central segregation and shrinkage cavity were ≤1.0, while central cracking and middle cracking were ≤0.5, and central segregation index of carbon was ≤1.05 in 2005. The rails produced from continuously cast blooms meet the requirements of highspeed 350 km/h tracks.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 36-0 [
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压力加工
40
LI Yanmei;ZHU Fuxian;LIU Yanchun;YI Min;FAN Jianwen
TMCP of Upgraded Q235 Plate
Microstructure evolution and the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of Q235 steel were studied by thermal simulation and industrial tests. Treated by TMCP, the plates, which can meet the requirements for Q345, were produced successfully from Q235 slabs. The TMCP treated Q235 plates have advantages of low yield ratio(0.69—0.77), high elongation (average value of 26.5%) and good welding performance. Such Q235 plates have a good foreground of application.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 40-0 [
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45
LINGHU Kezhi;HE Anrui;YANG Quan;ZHAO Lin;GUO Xiaobo
Wear Model for BackUp Roll on Wide Hot Strip Tandem Mills
The wear model for backup roll on wide hot strip tanderm mills was developed by dividing the barrel into uniform slices on the basis of measured contours of worn backup rolls. This model is able to calculate contour of online worn backup rolls according to rolling parameters on time. The results of application indicate that the model is accurate to predict the real wear of backup roll comparing the calculated and actual wear contours.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 45-0 [
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49
DONG Min;LIU Cai;LI Guoyou
Dynamic Neural Networks Model for Rolling Force Prediction
In order to improve rolling force prediction accuracy, a model was proposed with a geometrical relationship to determine roll contact area and RBF networks to predict unit rolling force which is affected by many factors. In order to suit the change of working conditions, an online dynamic adjustment algorithm is used to retrain new test data to adjust the configuration and parameters of RBF neural networks so that the optimal networks can be acquired finally. Experiment results indicate that the designed rolling force model has better adaptive capability and high prediction accuracy.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 49-0 [
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53
ZHANG Xian;ZHONG Jiang;WANG Yangyu;HE Yang;TANG Ming
Simulation of Finishing Steel Flats by FEM
In order to study the deformation and rolling force during finishing of steel flats, an analytical model based on elasticplastic finite element method was established to simulate systematically the whole finishing process. The results show that the simulated deformation and rolling force of steel flats during finishing are in good agreement with the actual ones, offering reference data for the calculation of finishing parameters.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 53-0 [
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钢铁材料
56
CHEN Ying;CHEN Qian;HAO Ruihua;ZHAO Xiaoli
Strain Induced OverEquilibrium Ferrite Fraction in Low Carbon Steel
The microstructure evolutions during isothermal holding combined with subsequently accelerated cooling were investigated in deformed low carbon steel.It is found that overequilibrium ferrite volume fraction would exist at room temperature after heavy deformation at different temperatures nearby Ae3.Reverse transformation from ferrite to austenite would occur during isothermal holding.This relaxation phenomenon has a dynamic characteristic which is similar to C curve.Further,ferrite grain size would grow combined with the ferrite volume fraction decrease during isothermal hoding.But the stability of overequilibrium ferrite,no matter on volume fraction or on grain size,would increase with the deformation temperature drop.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 56-0 [
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60
WANG Changshun;LIU Gang
Surface Nanostructure and Properties of Low Carbon Steel
The structural evolution of low carbon steel sheet treated by means of surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT) and its effects on the property were investigated. Experiment results show that, a surface layer with nanosized grains about 40 μm in thickness and microsubgrained layer at a depth of 40~80 μm can be obtained after SMAT. The formation of the surface layer with nanosized grains can enhance not only the hardness and wear resistance of the surface layer, but also the total yield strength of the sheet without obvious reduction of ductility. The relationship between grain size and hardness fulfills the HallPetch formula within a wide range of grain size from nanometers to micrometers.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 60-0 [
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64
LI Jing;SHANG Chengjia;HE Xinlai;YANG Ying;MA Yupu
Effect of Carbon Content on Microstrcture and Properties of High Performance Bridge Steel
The influence of composition and microstructure on the properties of 500 MPa grade high performance 0.08% and 0.04% carbon bridge steels were investigated. After continuous cooling, at same cooling speed in 0.08%C microalloyed steel, it is easier to form more lath bainite than in 0.04%C steel. In 0.04%C steel, cooled in the range of 110 ℃/s, the low carbon bainitic structure can be observed, which is helpful to uniformity of microstructure of steel plates. By the experimental thermamechanical control process (TMCP), two carbon steels have good elongation and impact performance at low temperature with the yield strengths up to 500 MPa. The crosssection microstructure of steel plate of 20 mm in thickness is uniform with granular bainite and acicular ferrite as main components.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 64-0 [
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70
YU Qingbo;ZHANG Zhongbo;LI Zilin;WEI Xuan
Effect of Nb on Austenite Grain Growth of Low Carbon Steel
The effects of heating temperature on austenite grain size of 0.015% Nb steel and Nb free steel were investigated by Gleeble 1500 thermomechanical simulator. When the heating temperatures were 1500, 1200 and 1230 ℃，the austenite grains of Nb steel were finer than those of Nb free steel respectively. But when the heating temperature was 1240 ℃, the austenite grains of Nb steel were larger than those of Nb free steel. It is suggested theoretically that the austenite grain size of Nb steel is increased due to the intraboundary adsorption of Nb atom.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 70-0 [
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环保与能源
75
CHEN Haigeng;WANG Zidi;WU Bin;CHEN Youwen;QUAN Fangmin
Simulation of Online Control System for Reheating Furnace
Based on total heat exchange factor method, the online control process for reheating furnace was studied by simulation. In the study， the DDC and SCC control algorithms and the simulation model of reheating furnace which provides a perfect software platform for offline study were included. The simulation model describes the complex heat exchange among gas, steel, wall and thermalcouples based on energy equilibrium, and the dynamic compensation for change of gas emmisivity with gas temperature is realized to improve the simulation accuracy. The heating curve method was adopted to study the SCC strategies for normal and typical strong dynamic operation of furnace, as a result, the optimal control algorithm suitable for the furnace was obtained.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 75-0 [
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装备与控制
79
LIU Bing;HUANG Xiaoyuan;YAN Nina
Construction of Manufacturing Execution System and Its Application at Shougang
Manufacturing execution system(MES) is a driving power of informationalization for steel companies and an important bridge between production automatization and management information. The functions of MES at steel companies are introduced, including management of manufacturing standard, scheduling production plan, creation and delivery of production instruction, record of production performance, management of material tracking, judgement of quality design, monitoring of working procedures and equipment operations. Combining with the current status of informationalization and ERP at Shougang, the objectives and contents of MES construction at Shougang are discussed.
2006 Vol. 41 (12): 79-0 [
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83
Giulio Del Frate
UNICOIL 250000 tpy Cold Mill Complex
The technical characteristics of UNICOIL 250000 tpy cold mill complex and its related equipment are introduced. This project has a strategic meaning for promoting the development of private sectors in Saudi Arabia. Selection of Danieli as main equipment supplier by UNICOIL once again is an admission of clients to the high quality products and services of Danieli.
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